ABSTRAK Bencana kabut asap yang terjadi akibat kebakaran hutan berdampak besar bagi masyarakat, salah satunya dibidang kesehatan. Paparan gas dan partikel berbahaya akibat bencana kabut asap dapat menyebabkan gangguan berbagai sistem organ manusia seperti pernafasan, kardiovaskular dan sensoris. Berbagai upaya perlindungan diri dapat dilakukan oleh individu untuk meminimalkan efek buruk yang dapat terjadi karena bencana kabut asap. Kesadaran masyarakat mengenai bahaya kesehatan yang dapat diakibatkan oleh bencana kabut asap perlu ditumbuhkan agar masyarakat dapat secara mandiri terdorong menjaga diri dan lingkungan termasuk melakukan upaya perlindungan diri. Hal tersebut diwujudkan melalui kegiatan edukasi terkait bencana kabut asap menggunakan media leaflet dan metode wawancara untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat terhadap dampak kesehatan dan upaya perlindungan diri dari bencana kabut asap. Selain itu juga dilakukan pemberian masker sebagai salah satu upaya perlinduangan diri terhadap kabut asap. Kegiatan ini diikuti oleh 100 orang peserta yang merupakan masyarakat Kota Jambi. Dampak kesehatan akibat kabut asap yang diketahui oleh peserta kegiatan yaitu batuk (56%), iritasi mata (52%), sesak nafas (47%), iritasi hidung (33%), nyeri tenggorokan (16%) dan diare (2%). Upaya yang diketahui dapat dilakukan untuk melindungi diri dari kabut asap yaitu menggunakan masker (74%), menghindari aktivitas di luar ruangan (65%), menutup rapat jendela dan pintu rumah (53%), tidak melakukan aktivitas yang dapat menambah jumlah asap seperti merokok atau membakar sampah (25%), menjalani perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (24%), memperbanyak minum air putih (10%). Keywords: edukasi, dampak kesehatan, perlindungan diri, kabut asap
Background Reduction of major cardiovascular events (MACE) in ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (STE-ACS) patients has been achieved by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) strategy and intensive care management. However, the intensive care unit bed availability and cost remain a problem for those patients, and thus risk stratification using an objective risk score instrument is required. Aim To develop a risk score of in-hospital MACE for patients with STE-ACS underwent primary PCI. Methods A cohort study of 208 patients with STE-ACS undergoing primary PCI at the Dr. Kariadi General Hospital Semarang. Predictor analysis was carried out using bivariate Chi-Square test and multivariate logistic regression. The obtained independent predictors were then used as risk score variables. The quality of the risk score was tested by the Hosmer and Lemeshow calibration test and AUC ROC analysis for discrimination test. Results Seven out of 13 independent predictors, i.e. Killip class (OR 20,04, p=0,0001), age (OR 3,02, p=0,04), renal insufficiency (OR 9,48, p=0,007), infark related artery final TIMI flow (OR 11,57, p=0,001), admission systolic blood pressure (OR 3,04, p=0,025), duration of total ischaemic time (OR 3,14,p=0,032) and increase of blood glucose levels (OR 3,04, p=0,029) were fulfilled the criteria for risk scores of in-hospital MACE. The risk scores had a good quality with the Hosmer and Lemeshow calibration test> 0,05 and ROC AUC 0,886 (95% CI, 0,827-0,944, p <0,005). Conclusions A risk scoring modele consisting of 7 independent predictor variables i.e. Killip class, age, renal insufficiency, infark related artery final TIMI flow, admission systolic blood pressure, duration of total ischaemic time, and increase of blood glucose levels (KARIADI) has a good calibration and discrimination in predicting the risk of in-hospital MACE in patients with STE-ACS underwent primary PCI. Keywords Predictors of in-hospital MACE, primary PCI, ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes, risk score.
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