This study used a semi-structured interview tool with elementary students in an inclusive charter school in a western state in the United States. Students with and without disabilities were asked to comment on their participation in their classroom and their perceptions of the classroom climate in order to begin a dialogue with their teachers that would lead to more participation in decision-making. Compiled data from the interviews were shared with teachers who were then interviewed about their analysis and use of the data for making improvements to their classroom environment and approach to pedagogy. Teacher responses were analysed for trends and actions taken following the feedback. Teachers concluded that the data were helpful and committed to use the tool regularly in the future to foster ongoing conversations with their students. They used the information from their students to make changes in the classroom climate, in their own teaching practices, and in the content of what they were teaching. Implications for expanding upon the use of the tool in the future to promote greater dialogue between teachers and students are discussed.
Students with Extensive Support Needs (ESN) experience multiple barriers in accessing distance learning educational programs during school closures in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. These barriers include inaccessible formats, a lack of access to adequate support to access instruction, and a lack of available assistive technology. Access issues may result in further isolation of students and reduced access to general education peers and curriculum. Promising practices include close collaboration with families, connecting Individualized Education Program (IEP) goals to students’ daily routines, supporting access to the general education curriculum, strategic participation in online classes, meaningful engagement with typical peers, and the adaptation of progress monitoring strategies for distance learning formats.
Although intellectual disability is a culturally defined and often fluid concept, individuals with this label are often at the greatest risk of isolation and low expectations, particularly within school environments. Despite institutional narratives on educating and raising expectations for "all" students, the use of alternate curricula for individuals with intellectual disabilities creates a structural barrier that explicitly designates students as incapable of using the same curriculum as nondisabled peers. Through exemplars in the United States and Sweden, the authors argue the use and expansion of alternate curricula is an international trend with troubling short-and long-term consequences for students. In Sweden, a national alternative curriculum is required for all students with intellectual disabilities. In the United States, adoption of alternate achievement standards varies by state; yet, the use of alternate curricular materials in self-contained classrooms is widespread despite questionable alignment to general education standards. In addition to the challenges posed by a separate curriculum for students with intellectual disabilities, approaches to promoting authentic engagement and learning in the context of general education settings and curricula are discussed.
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