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A microwave radio for Doppler radar sensing of vital signs is described. This radio was developed using custom DCS1800/PCS1900 base station FWICs. It transmits a single tone signal, demodulates the reflected signal, and outputs a baseband signal. If the object that reflects the signal bas periodic motion, the magnitude of the baseband output signal is directly proportional to the periodic displacement of the object. When the signal is reflected off a person's chest, this radio with appropriate baseband filters can detect heart and respiration rates from a distance as large as one meter from the target.

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This paper presents the first clinical results for validating the accuracy of respiratory rate obtained for hospitalized patients using a non-contact, low power 2.4 GHz Doppler radar system. Twenty-four patients were measured in this study. The respiratory rate accuracy was benchmarked against the respiratory rate obtained using Welch Allyn Propaq Encore model 242, the Embla Embletta system with Universal XactTrace respiratory effort sensor and Somnologica for Embletta software, and by counting chest excursions. The 95% limits of agreement between the Doppler radar and reference measurements fall within +/−5 breaths per minute.

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Abstract-Remote monitoring of cardiopulmonary activity based on Doppler shifts in radio signals shows promise in medical and security applications, however the problems of motion artifacts and presence of multiple subjects limit the usefulness of this technique. By applying MIMO signal processing, it is possible to overcome limitations of current systems and isolate signals from multiple sources.

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