Cadmium sulfide semiconductor nanoparticles along with terbium ions were incorporated in silica xerogels through sol-gel route. The optical absorption and emission spectra confirmed the formation of CdS nanoparticles along with terbium ions in the silica gel. The optical bandgap and size of the CdS nanoparticle were calculated from the absorption spectrum. The TEM measurement was also used to evaluate the average size of the CdS nanoparticles. The fluorescence spectra reveal that the intensity of characteristic emission of terbium ions increases considerably in the presence of CdS nanoparticles even in the gel stage itself and this avoids the need of heating gels at high temperatures. The branching ratios were calculated from the emission spectra using the standard procedure.
Many biologically important paramagnetic metal ions are characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy to use as spin probes to investigate the structure and function of biomolecules. Though nickel(II) ions are an essential trace element and part of many biomolecules, the EPR properties are least understood. Herein, the EPR and optical absorption spectra measured at 300 K for Ni(II) ions diluted in two different diamagnetic hosts are investigated and reported. The EPR spectrum of a polycrystalline Ni/Mg (3-methylpyrazole) 6 (ClO 4 ) 2 [Ni/MMPC] shows two transitions at X-band frequency ($9.5 GHz), suggesting the zero-field splitting parameter (D) is larger than the resonance field of the free electron (H o ). This incomplete and complex spectrum is successfully analyzed to obtain EPR parameters. The EPR spectrum of the polycrystalline Ni/Zn(pyrazole) 6 (NO 3 ) 2 [Ni/ZPN] shows a triplet spectrum indicating D < H o . A detailed analysis of single-crystal EPR data yielded the spin Hamiltonian parameters. The optical absorption spectra are deconvoluted to understand the symmetry of the coordination environment in the complex.
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