PurposeWe investigate the entrepreneurial intentions of a population under crisis — namely, recent Syrian refugees in Jordan — and Jordanian citizens to start small businesses during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachUsing a structured two-part survey, data were collected through online self-reported questionnaires in which respondents subjectively reported self-perceptions. The first part dealt with respondents’ characteristics and the second with their entrepreneurial intentions. The survey took place in Jordan, sampling Jordanian citizens and Syrian refugees. A nonprobability sampling technique was used to collect the data.FindingsThe results show that net desirability for self-employment, tolerance for risk and self-efficacy are related to entrepreneurial intentions. We find significant differences between the Syrian refugees and the Jordanian citizens in terms of risk-taking and self-efficacy as determinants of engagement in entrepreneurial activities.Originality/valueThis study offers guidance to institutions working with refugees during times of crisis. Implications are discussed.
Background and Purpose: Organisational politics can have a substantial negative effect on employees’ performance, however many organisations still do not pay attention to this organisational behaviour. In our study, we aim to examine the relationship between organisational culture and organisational citizenship behaviour through how employees perceive political behaviour within organisations. Methods: Convenience sampling technique has been employed, quantitative data were collected from 532 employees in the Jordan banking industry via online surveys. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was employed to test the hypotheses of the study. Results: Analyses showed that organisational culture within the banking industry has an effect on how employees perceive political behaviour. A negative perception of political behaviour by employees, in turn, has a negative influence on employees’ citizenship behaviour. These findings answer previous calls to investigate the destructive effect of organisational politics on employee outcomes. Conclusion: Organisations should pay more attention to the destructive effect of organisational politics and try to minimise such behaviour. Organisational citizenship behaviour, in contrast, benefits organisational performance, and the enhancement of this is recommended through the implementation of more effective policies and strategies.
Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that affect students’ behavioral intentions to use virtual classrooms at Princess Sumaya University for Technology (PSUT) in Jordan. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative research approach was adopted, an online survey method was used and the data were collected among students at PSUT in Jordan. A total of 511 responses were usable for analysis. A structural equation modeling partial least squares technique was used to examine the hypothesized model. Findings The findings reveal that the proposed factors have direct and indirect relationships with behavioral intentions to use virtual classrooms. They show that students’ satisfaction has a direct influence on behavioral intention, while other variables such as instructor characteristics, virtual classroom quality, perceived self-efficacy, perceived organizational support, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness have an indirect effect on behavioral intentions to use virtual classrooms. Research limitations/implications The study was conducted at PSUT in Jordan, which could limit the generalizability of the findings. Furthermore, the present study measured students’ behavioral intentions to use virtual classrooms and future research should consider the actual use of virtual classrooms. Practical implications The findings of this study offer significant and useful information to policymakers, instructors, developers and students regarding the use of virtual classrooms in universities. Based on students’ needs and readiness, the findings identify which factors to consider when developing an e-learning system to enhance learning and teaching performance. Originality/value This study extends existing knowledge by developing a conceptual model to identify the key factors of virtual classroom adoption in higher education institutions in Arab countries. This study contributes to the literature in the context of e-learning by validating an extended technology acceptance model from an Arab countries perspective and considering the differences in culture, learning style and physical environment compared to developed countries.
Background/Purpose: Entrepreneurial education can have a positive effect on entrepreneurial intention of university students, yet universities in Jordan still do not direct their attention to invest in Entrepreneurial education. This study aims to investigate the effect of entrepreneurial education and Culture on entrepreneurial intention through psychological empowerment of university students. Methodology: A questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 220 university students in Jordan who take any course in entrepreneurship. Data were analysed and hypotheses were tested through Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: The analysis of the study showed that; entrepreneurial education has a significant influence on psychological empowerment, psychological empowerment has a significant influence on entrepreneurial intentions, culture has a significant influence on psychological empowerment, entrepreneurial education has a significant influence on entrepreneurial intention and culture has a significant influence on entrepreneurial intention. The results of the study answer the calls of previous research to examine the role of culture and psychological empowerment in entrepreneurial education to affect entrepreneurial intention. Conclusion: Universities in Jordan should focus more on entrepreneurial education by psychologically empowering students to increase their intentions towards entrepreneurship. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing a better understanding of the relationship between entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial intention through culture and psychological empowerment.
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