Aim To determine and compare antifungal activity of two tissue conditioners combined with nystatin, miconazole and fluconazole against Candida albicans. Materials and methods Two tissue conditioners Viscogel and GC Soft combined with nystatin, miconazole and fluconazole were tested against Candida albicans using agar core inhibition diameter assay. One-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's post-hoc test was used to test the intergroup difference. p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Maximum inhibition was seen in the fluconazole groups followed by miconazole and the least inhibition was seen in case of nystatin group. Conclusion Tissue conditioners when mixed with antifungal agents showed satisfactory inhibition of Candida albicans. Clinical significance Incorporation of antifungal drugs into tissue conditioners shows good inhibition of C. albicans and can be recommended for clinical use. How to cite this article Chopde N, Pharande A, Khade MN, Khadtare YR, Shah SS, Apratim A. In vitro Antifungal Activity of Two Tissue Conditioners Combined with Nystatin, Miconazole and Fluconazole against Candida albicans. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(5):695-698.

Aim To determine microbial prevalence in the mucous membrane and prosthesis of denture wearers with and without denture stomatitis and to study its relationship with potential clinical cofactors. Materials and methods Saliva was collected from 200 patients (100 female and 100 male) wearing dental prosthesis for measurement of pH. Oral samples of the mucous membrane and of dentures were taken with sterile swab for microbiological analysis. Medical and dietary history of the subjects was recorded. Chi-square test and analysis of varience were used for statistical analysis. Results Diabetes, hypertension and high carbohydrate ingestion was observed in majority of patients. The pH average in saliva was of 5.1. The presence of C. albicans, S. aureus and S. mutans in the mucous membrane was of 55.4, 56.4 and 63.6% respectively. C. albicans was isolated in 69.7% from the prosthesis, whereas S. aureus and S. mutans were isolated in 45.3%. The isolation of C.albicans was more frequent in patients with deture stomatitis. Conclusion C. albicans, S. aureus and S. mutans frequently colonize the oral mucous of denture wearers. This is more frequently observed in patients with denture stomatitis. Clinical significance Denture stomatitis is associated to Candida albicans, different bacteria and other cofactors, such as salivary pH, carbohydrate ingestion, systemic illnesses and medication. How to cite this article Chopde N, Jawale B, Pharande A, Chaudhari L, Hiremath V, Redasani R. Microbial Colonization and their Relation with Potential Cofactors in Patients with Denture Stomatitis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(4):456-459.

This case report evaluates the management of a Bimaxillary Dentoalveolar protrusion with a Class I malocclusion in a male patient with extraction of 1 premolars for correction of the prognathic profile of the patient. Clinical and cephalometric evaluation revealed skeletal Class I malocclusion with crowding with a convex facial profile, a Horizontal growth pattern, potentially incompetent lips, a posterior divergent face, average overjet and overbite. Following fixed orthodontic treatment by removal of 1 premolars in the upper and lower arch with retraction of anterior segment , a marked improvement in patient's smile, facial profile and occlusion was achieved and there was a remarkable increase in the patient's confidence and quality of life The profile changes and treatment results were demonstrated with proper case selection and good patient cooperation with Fixed appliance therapy.

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Brief background: This paper describes a treatment modality that an orthodontist should incorporate into his/her office. Soft tissue diode lasers, should be used for, exposure of unerupted teeth, frenectomy, and treatment of aphthous ulcers. Materials and methods:Total of five cases have been described. All were treated with soft tissue diode laser (Sirona Advance) with average power setting of 1.0 to 1.8 W in peak pulsed frequency. Intraoral periapical X-rays were used to determine position of teeth wherever required.Results: The article shows simple procedures which can be easily carried out by an orthodontist. Unerupted teeth can be successfully exposed by means of soft tissue diode laser. The single most advantage could be excellent postoperative healing, almost bloodless field for carrying out bonding procedures. Summary and conclusion: Incorporation of lasers in an orthodontic practice requires thorough learning process on the part of the orthodontist. Attending various workshops and certification programs will help in mastering the science and art of laser dentistry. Needless to say, proper case selection will pave way for the successful long-term result.