ObjectiveTo determine what, how, for whom and under what conditions individual-focused interventions are effective to improve well-being and decrease burn-out among critical care healthcare professionals.DesignThis study is an umbrella review that used the realist approach, using Realist and Meta-narrative Evidence Synthesis: Evolving Standards guidelines. PsycINFO, Web of Science, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov and ISRCTN databases were searched for published and unpublished systematic reviews and meta-analyses literature between 2016 and 2020. The team appraised and extracted data and identified relationships between content, mechanism and outcomes (CMOs). Theory prepositions were developed using CMOs and were used to refine the existing programme.ResultsA total of 81 interventions from 17 reviews were mapped, including mindfulness interventions, cognitive–behavioural therapy, self-care and coping strategies. The revised programme theory determined that contextual factors such as ethnicity, workload, and work schedules play a crucial role in determining the effectiveness of interventions. Mechanisms including the interventions’ interests, acceptance, and receptivity are also influential in determining engagement and adherence to the intervention. Findings suggest that the solution for burn-out is complex. However, it offers an optimistic view of tailoring and customising one or a combination of interventions, integrating structured education and components of emotional intelligence. Self-care, social support, awareness or mindfulness and self-efficacy are prime components to improve emotional intelligence and resilience for critical care healthcare professionals to improve well-being and decrease burn-out experience.ConclusionsThese findings provide realistic and reliable reporting of outcomes to better support implementation within the ‘real world’. Future research such as seeking validation using expert opinions can provide further in depth understanding of hidden contextual factors, mechanisms and their interactions to provide a greater depth of knowledge ready for application with the critical care population.
Purpose: Explore the quality of sleep and investigate the relationship between sleep quality, using social media platforms, and academic performance among university students.Design and Methods: A cross-sectional correlation design was used, 412 students completed an electronic questionnaire.Findings: The majority of university students suffer from poor quality of sleep. The most frequently used social media platforms were WhatsApp, Snapchat, and YouTube. The strongest predictor of having very poor sleep quality was addiction on twitter. Practice Implications: An educational program about the importance of adequate sleep should be supported university students. K E Y W O R D S sleep, sleep quality, social networking, university students 1 | INTRODUCTION Humans have a biological clock system to preserve bodily functions, such as body temperature, blood pressure, electrolyte levels, heartbeat, circulation, and food ingestion. During sleep, the body secretes growth hormones that maintain the immunological, metabolic, and cardiac systems. The purpose of these systems is; however, impaired by sleep disorders. Sleep deficiency is characterized as insufficiency in sleep quantity or quality required for optimal health and performance often resulting from prolonged wakefulness, inadequate sleep duration, sleep fragmentation, or a sleep disorder. 1 Humans can stand several days of continuous sleeplessness; however, they may have a negative impact on health, deterioration in welfare and effectiveness and lead to deteriorated performance. 2 Seven or more hours per night regularly were required to maintain and improve health. 3 However, sleep deprivation and drowsiness are widespread among university students. 4,5 Because of university lifetime carries new challenges (different social life, academic setting that can have both positive and negative influences on students health, stress factors due to academic achievement, social burdens, split-up from family, and financial distresses) may affect negatively on sleep quality and lead to many problems. 5In addition, sleep deprivation (less than 6-7 hours per day) has negative influences on perception, learning, concentration and thinking strategies, and may lead to vision disturbances, slower reactions, lower capabilities and efficiency of cognitive performance and sick memorizing, schematic thinking, which yields wrong decisions and drop in academic grades. Besides, sleep deprivation
Aims and Objectives To evaluate nurses’ care coordination competency for mechanically ventilated patients in intensive care units (ICUs) of Saudi Arabia (SA). Background ICUs are increasingly using multidisciplinary approach to provide critical care. Functionality gaps remain within these teams preventing optimum performance, including a lack of adequate care coordination in the management of mechanically ventilated (MV) patients. Design A cross‐sectional survey of ICU nurses working across 20 hospitals in SA. Methods The Nurses’ Care Coordination Competency Scale (NCCCS) survey for MV patients was administered to all the nurses to assess their care coordination competence. The data were analysed using Student's t test, ANOVA and linear regression. Reporting of this research follows STROBE guidelines. Results A total of 254 nurses participated in the survey. The overall NCCCS mean score was 3.94 (±0.69) out of a 5‐point scale. Also, the “promoting team cohesion factor (Factor 1)” had a mean score of 3.90 (±0.77), the “understanding care coordination needs factor (Factor II)” had a mean score of 4.00 (±0.77), the “aggregating and disseminating information factor (Factor III)” had a mean score of 4.05 (±0.76), and the “devising and clearly articulating the care vision factor (Factor IV)” had a mean score of 3.78 (±0.87). The mean overall NCCCS score was 4.10 among Indians, 3.98 among Filipinos and 3.81 among Saudi nationals. Conclusion There were a high overall score and subscale scores of nurses’ care coordination competence for mechanically ventilated patients, but few gaps were identified in some of the items. Relevance to Clinical Practice The results provide information on the status and gaps in ICU nurses’ care coordination competencies to address the needs of mechanically ventilated critically ill patients. The NCCCS can be utilised as an educational tool for nurses who are new to the ICU work environment.
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