The rock goby Gobius paganellus is one of the most common gobiid fish on the southern Tunisian coast and this study provides the first detailed information on its reproductive biology in the Gulf of Gabes. A total of 356 males (8.9–14 cm total length, TL) and 273 females (9.1–14.3 cm TL) were analyzed. Specimens were dissected and their gonads and livers were removed. Mean size at sexual maturity (TL50; i.e., length at which 50% of the fish are mature) was estimated for males and females by fitting the logistic Gompertz function to the proportion of mature fish per centimeter size class. The gonadosomatic index, the seminal vesicle-somatic index (SVSI), the hepatosomatic index, and the condition index were calculated on a monthly basis. In the entire population, the sex ratio was unbalanced, males dominating among larger size classes. The reproductive period started in October and lasted until March, and the spawning season was between January and March. Monthly changes in the SVSI showed that during the pre-spawning period they have a proliferation phase, followed by a regressive phase during the post-spawning period. The use of lipid reserves, stored predominantly in the liver as well as in muscles, was important during the reproductive season. The estimated length at sexual maturity was 11.44 ± 0.25 cm for males and 10.37 ± 0.23 cm for females. Total fecundity ranged from 5280 to 14,320 eggs per fish, with an average of 8565 ± 608 eggs per fish.

The wide-eyed flounder Bothus podas podas is a small fish that belongs to the Bothidae family. This species is a demersal fish inhabiting sandy and muddy bottoms where it lives buried in the sand. In the Gulf of Gabès (Tunisia), B. podas podas is an uncommon fish caught in small quantities by trawlers, between depths of 20 and 50 m. There are very few complete studies of the biology of this fish in the Mediterranean Sea. Even in Tunisia, the biology of B. podas podas is unknown. In addition, it has been noticed that during the last few years, despite having weak commercial value, this fish has attracted the fishermen's attention of the region after the observed reduction in the flat fish stocks, particularly the Egyptian sole Solea aegyptiaca. The aim of this work was to study the reproduction of B. podas podas and determine the sex-ratio, the sexual cycle, the spawning period and the first sexual maturity. The data for this work was collected during the period of May 2004 until September 2005. In general, this study shows that the proportion of sexes is in favour of females and permits us to analyse the sex-ratio variations according to the size and age of the fish. It also seems that males grow faster than females. The monthly following of the gonad somatic index (GSI), the liver somatic index (LSI) and the condition factor (K) enabled us to determine that the period of maturation occurs from May to August, to define the spawning period from August to November and to deduce that B. podas podas uses the lipid reserves accumulated in the liver to develop its gonads. Concerning the first sexual maturity it was noted that the main size related to 25%, 50% and 75% of matured individuals were respectively for males: 19.68 cm, 21 cm and 22.34 cm and for females: 18.87 cm, 20.4 cm and 21.93 cm. The coefficients of the logistic function were for males: a = 0.827, b = 17.38 and for females: a = 0.718, b = 14.65.

The black goby Gobius niger (Linnaeus, 1758) (Gobiidae) is one of the most common gobies in southern Tunisian waters. This study provides the first detailed information on the reproductive biology of the G. niger in these areas. Samples of G. niger were collected by trawl from the Gulf of Gabès (Tunisia) between February 2009 and January 2010. A total of 1055 specimens were examined, ranging from 6.4 to 15.7 cm total length. The sex-ratio was in favour of males, especially in larger size-classes. The macroscopic analysis of the gonads and the progression of the monthly values of the gonadosomatic index (GSI) indicated that the reproductive season extended from March to June, with GSI peaking in May, and that spawning occurred from April to June. The utilization of lipid reserves, stored predominantly in the liver as well as in muscles, was important during the reproduction season. Monthly changes of the seminal vesicle somatic index showed that during the pre-spawning period they had a proliferation phase, followed by a regressive phase during the post-spawning period. Total fecundity of mature females ranged from 4280 to 14000 eggs per fish, showing a significant increase with size, with an average of 8522 ± 689 eggs per fish. The total length at 50% maturity was 10.13 ± 0.3 cm and 9.69 ± 0.18 cm for males and females, respectively.

No abstract