Aerobic rice cultivation progresses water productivity, and it can save almost 50% of irrigation water compared to lowland rice with the appropriate development of genotypes and management practices. Two field trials were conducted during 2020, and 2021 seasons to determine the validation of different rice varieties under aerobic cultivation based on their plant defense system, physio-morphological traits, stress indices, grain yield, and water productivity. The experiments were designed in a split-plot design with four replications. Two planting methods, transplanting and aerobic cultivation, were denoted as the main plots, and ten rice genotypes were distributed in the subplots. The results revealed that the planting method varied significantly in all measured parameters. The transplanting method with well watering had the highest value of all measured parameters except leaf rolling, membrane stability index, antioxidant, proline, and the number of unfilled grains. EHR1, Giza179 and GZ9399 as well as A22 genotypes a chief more antioxidant defense system that operated under aerobic conditions. Giza179, EHR1, GZ9399, and Giza178 showed high cell membrane stability and subsequently high validation under such conditions, and also showed efficiency in decreasing water consumption and improving water use efficiency. In conclusion, this study proves that Giza179, EHR1, GZ9399, Giza178, and A22 are valid genotypes for aerobic conditions.
The current study was conducted in the Northern Nile Delta (Hammoul District) to evaluate the effect of irrigation with agricultural drainage and blended canal water on growth characteristics, yield and its components, and grain quality of three rice varieties during two successive seasons of 2020 and 2021. The irrigation treatments were as follows: irrigation using the agricultural drainage water(I1), irrigation using agricultural drainage water, alternate with blended water one by one(I2), and irrigation using the blended canal water(I3). Sakha 104, Giza 177, and Giza 178 rice cultivars were used in this study. The results indicated that heading days, plant length (cm), panicle length (cm), number of panicle hill -1 , number of filled grains panicle -1 , 1000-grain weight (g), grain yield (t ha -1 ), and harvest index were better with blended canal water than that with agricultural drainage water. The greatest yield of the Giza 178 variety was achieved with blended canal water, while its yield was reduced by 9.6% when irrigated with drainage water. The results showed that the mean grain yield of Sakha 104, Giza 177, and Giza178 in the 1 st season were 9.64, 8.69, and 11.31 t ha -1 and in the 2 nd season they were 9.83, 8.66, and 9.88 ton ha -1 , respectively. Also, the results showed that the yield of Giza 178 which was irrigated by drainage water was close to that produced by Sakha 104 or more than that of Giza 177, which was irrigated by the blended canal water.Therefore, Giza 178 cultivar can be irrigated by drainage water, since it surpassed both the cultivars under this condition.
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