Most of the colorectal carcinomas were in distal parts in our study, so most of these carcinomas can be detected by proctosigmoidoscopy. Because younger patients had more advanced disease, the importance of screening and "clinical suspicion" in the young is important.

Improvement of clinical outcomes of rotator cuff pathology requires in-depth understanding of the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of healing. This study presents a robust murine model of supraspinatus repair to serve as a standard research tool for basic and translational investigations into signaling pathways, gene expression, and the effect of biologic augmentation approaches.

Acupuncture could reduce pain experience, active phase duration and oxytocin units. Patients were satisfied and no adverse effects were noted.

No abstract

The ideal period of restricted weight-bearing and motion following ACL reconstruction remains undefined. In a murine model, improved healing was noted for animals immobilized for a brief period of 5 days. This work may serve as an initial step in determining the ideal time period in a clinical population.

Healing was considerably faster in patients who were treated with Z-plasty technique of wound closure. This procedure can be used as a desirable treatment for pilonidal sinus, which is a noncomplex method without increased rate of complications. Nonetheless, it might slightly increase the duration of hospitalization.

No abstract

Mechanical stress has an important effect on tendon-to-bone healing. The purpose of the present study was to compare tendon-to-bone healing in animals exposed to either tendon unloading (botulinum toxin injection) or excessive loading (treadmill running) in a murine rotator cuff repair model. Forty-eight C57BL/6 mice underwent unilateral supraspinatus tendon detachment and repair. Mice in the unloaded group were injected with botulinum toxin to the supraspinatus muscle. The contralateral shoulder of the unloaded group was used as a control. Mice were euthanized at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after surgery and evaluated with hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for Ihh, Gli1, Wnt3a, and β-catenin. The positive staining area on IHC and the Modified Tendon Maturing Score were measured. The score of the unloaded group was significantly higher (better healing) than that of the treadmill group at 4 weeks. Ihh and the glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1) positive area in the unloaded group were significantly higher than those of the control group at 1 week. The peak time-points of the Ihh and Gli1 positive area was 1 week for the unloaded group and 2 weeks for the treadmill group. The Wnt3a positive area in the unloaded group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 2 weeks. The β-catenin positive area in the unloaded group was significantly higher than that of the treadmill group and the control group at 1 week. Our data indicated that the unloaded group has superior tendon maturation compared to the treadmill running group. Excessive tendon loading may delay the tendon healing process by affecting the activity of Ihh and Wnt/β-Catenin pathways.