Summary The white peach scale, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona Targioni-Tozzetti (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), is one of the most important and destructive polyphagous pests of the Rosaceae family trees. Population fluctuations and biodiversity of the hymenopteran parasitoid species associated with the pest were studied in six kiwi orchards in Iran, during one-year period. Parasitoid species abundance, species diversity indices and evenness indices were calculated. Most of the parasitoid species were dominant or eudominant. Based on the alpha diversity indices, the Najarkola region had high diversity and the Kharatkola region had low diversity. The Paeendasteh region (based on Simpson’s Diversity on Camargo evenness indices) and the Samnakola region (based on the modified Nee, and on Smith and Wilson evenness indices) were less uniform. Among the recorded parasitoids, Encarsia berlesei Howard (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), followed by Aphytis proclia Walker (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), had the highest population in all orchards.

Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Dip.: Tephritidae) is one of the most destructive agricultural pests in the world. To replace chemical control methods, as well as the timing of the peak population of Mediterranean fruit fly, the yellow sticky vertical traps were used in this study. The research was carried out in some citrus orchards of various cities of Mazandaran province of Iran, during the four months from August to November 2016. To determine the best type of yellow color to trap this fly, four types of yellow colors with measured wavelength of reflection, including the fluorescent yellow (538 nm), lemon yellow (574 nm), yellow (602 nm) and amber yellow (641 nm), were used. Also, to determine the best geographical direction and appropriate height for installation of yellow cards, four cardinal directions and five different heights of 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 m above ground level were determined and the cards were installed. The results of mean comparison of captured flies in different treatments showed that there are significant differences between all of them. The results indicated that the fluorescent yellow, heights of 1.5 and 2 m, the south direction, and month October had the highest number of capture in yellow cards.Key words: Mediterranean fruit fly; yellow sticky trap; mass trapping; citrus; Iran IZVLEČEK VPLIV NEBESNE LEGE, VIŠINE NAMESTITVE IN BARVE RUMENIH PASTI NA ULOV BRESKOVE MUHE (Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824)) V SADOVNJAKIH CITRUSOVBreskova muha (Ceratitis capitata [Wiedemann, 1824], (Dip.: Tephritidae)) je eden od najpomembnejših škodljivcev gojenih rastlin v svetu. Za nadomestitev kemičnega zatiranja in za ugotavljanje viška populacij breskove muhe so bile v tej raziskavi uporabljene navpično nameščene rumene, lepljive pasti. Raziskava je potekala v izbranih sadovnjakih citrusov v različnih krajih province Mazandaran v Iranu, v času štirih mesecev, od avgusta do novembra leta 2016. Za določitev najustreznejše rumene barve pasti za lovljenje muh so bili izbrani 4 odtenki rumene barve, vključujoč fluorescentno rumeno z naslednjimi valovnimi dolžinami odbite svetlobe: fluorescentno rumena (538 nm), limonino rumena (574 nm), rumena (602 nm) in rjavo (smolnato)-rumena (641 nm). Za določitev najustreznejše nebesne smeri in višine namestitve rumenih plošč so bile izbrane štiri glavne nebesne smeri in pet različnih višin namestitev nad tlemi, in sicer 1, 1,5, 2, 2,5 in 3 m. Izsledki primerjav povprečij ulovljenih muh glede na različne namestitve pasti so pokazali, da so med njimi značilne razlike. Izsledki so pokazali, da se je ujelo največ muh v oktobru na fluorescentno rumene plošče, nameščene od 1,5 in 2 m nad tlemi, v južni legi.

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