In this paper, the possibilities and effects of using domestic industrially produced zeolite for bleaching crudesunflower oil, compared to imported commercial bleaching earth, were examined.The parameters of the bleaching process in laboratory conditionswere: temperature 95°C, contact time 30 min,and mass fractionsof bleaching agent in oil: 0.2, 1, 2 and 3%.The following methods were used to characterize the bleachingagents: XRD, FTIR, BET and SEM/EDS.The bleaching efficiency parameters were determined by laboratory methods prescribed by the relevant ordinance on edible vegetable oils, and included: soap content, peroxide valueand fatty acid composition.The results of the research showed that the effects of bleaching sunflower oil with synthetic zeolite are similar to the effects of bleaching with imported commercial bleaching earth, with the former showing a slightly higher effectiveness in reducing the peroxide value.
KEYWORDS:sunflower oil; oil bleaching; synthetic zeolite; bleaching earth
In this research, the possibility of using Ca(OH)2 in the form of commercial hydrated lime as a catalyst for the methanolysis of refined rapeseed oil was evaluated. Characterization of unused catalyst was performed by SEM-EDS, laser diffraction, XRF, BET, XRD and TG/DTG methods, and vegetable oil was analyzed for physicochemical characteristics. Within methanolysis, the effects of catalyst loading, reaction temperature and reaction time on methyl ester yield, density and viscosity of biodiesel, as well as the possibility of catalyst reuse were investigated. The obtained results showed that hydrated lime is an efficient catalyst for transesterification of vegetable oil, whereby the use of 3 wt% of catalyst relative to oil weight, at temperature 60℃ and mixing rate 1000 rpm after 120 min of transesterification reaction achieved a yield of methyl esters 98.76%. With three reuses of hydrated lime, without intermediate washing and regeneration procedures, the yield of rapeseed oil methyl ester remained above 90%.
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