La plupart des observateurs de la vie politique sénégalaise craignaient une explosion de violence, voire un coup d’État, à l’occasion du scrutin présidentiel de mars 2000. Or, c’est à une alternance pacifique et historique que l’on a assisté, mettant fin à quarante ans d’hégémonie du Parti socialiste. Cet article examine les raisons de la défaite d’Abdou Diouf et les défis que devra relever la nouvelle équipe du président Wade.
The parasites causing malaria, soil-transmitted helminthiasis and schistosomiasis frequently co-exist in children living in low-and middle-income countries, where existing vertical control programmes for the control of these diseases are not operating at optimal levels. This gap necessitates the development and implementation of strategic interventions to achieve effective control and eventual elimination of these co-infections. Central to the successful implementation of any intervention is its acceptance and uptake by caregivers whose perception about the risk for malaria-helminth co-infection has been little documented. Therefore, we conducted a qualitative study to understand the caregivers’ perspectives about the risk as well as the behavioural and social risk factors promoting malaria-helminth co-infection among pre-school and school-age children living in endemic rural and urban communities in Senegal. In June and December 2021, we conducted individual and group interviews, and participant observations, among 100 primary caregivers of children recruited from Saraya villages in southeast Senegal and among leaders and teachers of Koranic schools in Diourbel, western Senegal. Our findings showed that a majority of the study participants in the two settings demonstrated a high level of perception of risk for malaria and acceptable awareness about handwashing practices, but had misconceptions that malaria-helminth co-infection was due to a combination of excessive consumption of sugary food and mosquito bites. Our observations revealed many factors in the house structures, toilet practices and handwashing with ashes and sands, which the caregivers did not consider as risks for malaria-helminth co-infections. These findings underscore the need to promote caregivers’ awareness about the existence and risk of malaria-helminth co-infection in children. This approach would assist in addressing the caregivers’ misconceptions about the occurrence of the co-infection and could enhance their uptake of the strategic interventions targeted at achieving control and subsequent elimination of malaria and helminth co-infection.
There are several Africas; the continent does not have a single homogeneous reality. Instead we should talk of shifting territorialities. The crucial questions, when thinking about emergent humanisms, have to do with the exegesis of the political, and at its heart democracy, citizenship and the management of violence, which obstinately appears as a constant in the political experience in Africa. It operates as one of the political idioms at the very moment when democracy is becoming essential as a universal, unavoidable reference. The African state seems unable any longer to guarantee its citizens’ security. The human body is becoming an integral part of the territories where conflict is occurring. What is being challenged is the sovereignty of the state, which means that the symbolic construction of a people transforming the state into a nation state is no longer possible. So how can we imagine a space for interaction where collective issues are put up for discussion? The case of Côte d’Ivoire, the reform of the Family Code in Senegal, and the tragedy in Rwanda are examined. The author wishes to follow the perspective set out by Wiredu, the principle of compassionate impartiality, the principle on which moral universality is based and built up.
In this paper, Aminata Diaw invites discussion on contemporary women’s struggle for equality, more equitable representation and complete parity. She argues that effective expression of democracy is dependent on taking gender factors properly into account. She discusses classical Rousseau’s position, and observes that the Social Contract needs to be integrated by a Gender Contract. She concludes that the question of the citizenship of women shows that the advent of Modernity did not constitute a veritable rupture with past thought. Modernity has not produced an integration of women into the political dimension and into citizenship.
In Senegal, artisanal vegetable oils trade is developing and Balanites aegyptiaca (desert date) as well as Sesamum indicum (sesame) are popular vegetal species. Present study focused on oils obtained from these two plants seeds. These oils have various applications such as for dietary and cosmetic purposes. Sampling carried out in Dakar region allowed collection of five oil samples for each specie, mainly in different districts shops or craft fairs. Their peroxide, acid, iodine and saponification values as well as volatile matter, tocopherols and vitamin A contents have been determined through reference methods described by International Organization for Standardization (ISO) or French Standardization Association (AFNOR). Obtained experimental data were compared with Codex Alimentarius standard and/or literature, since some parameters are not subject to specific regulation. Balanites aegyptiaca and Sesamum indicum oil samples showed an orange-yellow or pale yellow coloration. Only one desert date oil sample had an adequate peroxide value while two from sesame were not compliant. Iodine values for B. aegyptiaca samples were closed to a result previously described by peer researchers for an oil produced from seeds harvested in Senegal but out of Codex specification range for sesame oils. All ten samples had a suitable acidity, widely below maximum value of 4.0 mg KOH/g. Two sesame oil samples had correct saponification value. Among ten oil samples collected, eight showed a volatile matter content exceeding standard. Vitamin A had not been detected in any sample. Desert date oils tocopherols content were comprised between 975.38 and 1141.36 mg/kg and S. indicum samples met the standard indicating a tocopherols level in the range [330 -1010 mg/kg]. Present study results are not all conclusive and reinforce reservations about commercially available artisanal oils quality. However, literature review allows to state that oils physico-chemical properties and nutrient content vary greatly.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.