Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) plant fruits are well-known for their high nutritional value, unique test, and healthy oil. It has a history of about 10,000 years. Avocado fruit offers many health benefits, and its production is rapidly increasing. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)’s recent data suggest that the Avocados produced in the world in 2019 was twice that of 2010 (3778010 tons). Avocado’s global Gross Production Value was about 5.812 billion USD in 2018, and it is likely to increase rapidly because of the increasing demand for Avocado fruits. Avocado oil is also used in the cosmetic industry because of its therapeutic properties, and it boosts the economic value of the Avocado industry. Avocado fruits have a rough green-gold skin; however, fruits are called ‘the green gold’ because of their massive global demand in the worldwide market and a lucrative business. The cultivation of Avocado has tremendous potential in increasing the rural economy, rural agriculture-based employment and reducing the poverty rate of growers. On the other hand, the Avocado industry is highly criticised because of deforestation, massive water utilisation, polluting water bodies with insecticides and fertilisers, posing a threat to other plant species, and environmental pollution. However, it doesn’t preclude the importance of Avocado. Cameroon’s average temperature is about 23 °C, which is considered optimal for Avocado propagation and commercial cultivation. Cameroon Association of Active Youths (CAMAAY) want to explore the possibilities of engaging Cameroon youths in Avocado cultivation. This review is aimed to provide an overview of Avocado. The review also highlights Avocado cultivation related issues from one health and sustainability perspective in line with the global goals.
Introduction “Phonation” is the physical process by which the vocal folds produce certain sounds. According to laryngology, there are different factors that can affect our larynx (voice box) negatively, such as: Obesity, benign vocal cord lesions, sex hormones, head and neck surgeries and patients who are suffering from health complications recovered from COVID-19 after a prolonged intubation. These factors could show difficulties in voice, airway, and swallowing. Aim This study aimed to investigate the relationship between obesity and chronic laryngitis in which this inflammation hinders phonation and voice/sound output. This investigation in South Korea using data from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) collected during 2008 – 2010. Method (KNHANES) was a cross-sectional survey of the civilian, non-institutionalized population of South Korea (n = 13,819) aged 19 years or older. Obesity status was measured by using BMI and waist circumference. Conclusions Obese women in Korea have an elevated risk for developing chronic laryngitis. Chronic laryngitis itself is a misfortune. Chronic laryngitis (CL) causes excess mucus, a sore throat, a persistent dry cough, loss of voice and phonation and difficulty swallowing. Moreover, obese women will suffer from hormonal imbalances that show changes in their voice tones. Elevated estrogen levels cause gastric acid secretion and GERD in women. To help those patients, it is better to shift into a healthy lifestyle, manage their weight by healthy diet and exercises. In this way, a lot of complications will be lessened such as: GERD that is responsible for benign vocal cord lesions possibility. Some women who suffer from chronic laryngitis and turns into cancer decide to do neck surgery. Otolaryngologists stated common side effects from head and neck surgery include temporary or permanent loss of normal voice, impaired speech, and hearing loss.
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