<p>Leigh syndrome is a rare, mitochondrial disorder of childhood . In most cases dysfunction of the respiratory chain enzymes is responsible for the disease. Raised lactate levels in blood and/or cerebrospinal fluid is noted. Magnetic resonance imaging showing characteristic symmetrical necrotic lesions in the basal ganglia and/or brain stem that leads to the appropriate diagnosis. Here, we report a case of progressive neurologic disorders presenting with motor and intellectual regression which on MRI was diagnosed as Leigh syndrome.</p>
A simple and effective audio watermarking algorithm based in time domain is proposed in this paper for controlling the unauthorized distribution of copyright audio. The algorithm makes use of the advantages of both embedding a watermark bit to an individual sample and embedding a bit to a group or frame of samples. Here, a frame of three positive valued samples is used to define the amount of distortion to be added but only the middle sample is distorted based on the decision. Based on the watermark bit either "0" or "1", the middle sample of a frame is made equal to one of the neighboring samples. Thus, the watermarked audio has a very good perceptual quality. Experimental results show that our new audio watermarking algorithm is not only imperceptible, but also robust against various common signal processing attacks such as amplitude modification, re-sampling, low-pass filtering, requantization, MP3 compression, etc. Though proposed in time domain but the algorithm can be implemented in any transform domains with little or no modification.
Routing schemes in Delay Tolerant Networks depend on the intermediate nodes to carry messages till the forwarding of the messages to other nodes or delivery of the messages to their destinations. Thus, efficient and faster spreading of messages is essential to reduce the delay of sending a message from source to destination. In this work, we aim to design a new agent aided routing scheme in Delay Tolerant Networks to avoid large message delivery delay. Here, the source of a message is permitted to create unlimited copies of a message and distribute these copies to agents. Agents acting as the representative of the sources receive messages from the sources based on their node visited list and delivery predictability. After that, the agents forward the copies to the other intermediate nodes or deliver the message directly to the destination. Thus, the agents help in faster and efficient dissemination of a message in the network which helps in reducing message delivery delay. Besides, we compare our scheme with that of other schemes in different network scenarios through simulations. Simulation results show that our agent based routing scheme performs better than that of others in terms of Delivery Ratio, Delay and Communication Overhead.
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