Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive group therapy (MBCT) in reducing negative automatic thoughts and dysfunctional attitudes in cancer patients. Methods: The study was an applied and quasi-experimental research conducted by pre-and post-testing. The sample consisted of 30 cancer patients selected by purposive sampling and randomly placed in the control and the experimental group (15 individuals per group). The members of both groups filled out the automatic thoughts questionnaire (ATQ) and the dysfunctional attitudes scale (DAS-26) at the pre-and the post-test stage. The collected data were analyzed by the SPSS software and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) tests. Results:The results indicated that MBCT significantly reduced negative automatic thoughts (F = 126.15, P < 0.01) and dysfunctional attitudes (F = 179.53, P < 0.01) in the experimental group at the post-test stage in comparison to the control group. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it is essential that therapeutic centers and support forums related to patients with refractory disorders use MBCT in their programs for reducing negative automatic thoughts and dysfunctional attitudes.
Introduction: Educational stress is a negative psychological condition; with its cognitive and emotional components, threatens students' health. Aim: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the solution-focused brief therapy and mindfulness-based therapy to reduce educational stress in junior high school students. Method: Through the framework of a clinical trial plan with pre-test and post-test and quarterly post hoc test, this study was conducted. In a purposive sampling manner, sixty students; among the first year of junior high school male students in Tehran district 13thin the school year 2019-2020, were selected and then surveyed by Don, Hu and Zhou (2011) Adolescent Educational Stress Scale and were randomly divided into 3 groups of 20: control group, solution-focused treatment group and mindfulness treatment group. Then the intervention process was run on the experimental groups and after three months the follow-up test was rerun. The data were analyzed by using SPSS-26 and the covariance analysis and mixed-design analysis of variance tests. Results: This study brought light on the effectiveness of both treatments methods in reducing educational stress among students, but the mindfulness method (Eta2=0.357) worked better rather the brief solution-focused intervention method(Eta2=0.318) to reduce students' stress (P<0.05). Conclusion: In regard to use mindfulness therapy primarily, therapists are highly recommended to use both the solution-focused brief intervention and mindfulness therapy to treat the adolescent students with educational stress.
Background and Objectives: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases and requires self-care. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediator role of depression and anxiety in the relationship between cognitive emotional regulation and self-care in type 2 diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: 108 patients with type 2 diabetes (57 women, 51 males) participated in this study. The patients were selected through targeted sampling from those referring to health centers in Tehran in 2016. The participants completed the 21st-DASS Questionnaire, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), and the Self-Care behaviors Questionnaire (SDSCA). Data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics by using SPSS software version 16. Results: The results of this study showed that self-care and adaptive strategies of cognitive emotional regulation with anxiety, have a significant negative correlation and there is a significant positive correlation between non-adaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation and anxiety (P<0.01). The results of path analysis also indicated the mediator role of anxiety in the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation and selfcare in patients with type 2 diabetes. Conclusions: According to the result, in the field of self-care in diabetic patients, it is necessary to consider psychological interventions to regulate emotions and reduce depression and anxiety.
Background: As the effectiveness of psychotherapy relies on the therapeutic alliance, it is essential to identify the variables related to this concept. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between defense mechanisms and therapeutic alliance with the mediating role of psychological well-being in therapists and psychiatric nurses. Methods: It was a descriptive-correlational study which adopted structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population comprised all the therapists, psychiatric nurses, and counselors licensed by the Psychology and Counseling Organization of Iran in 2019. A sample of 255 was selected via convenience sampling. The research instruments included the Defense Style Questionnaire, Ryff’s Psychological Well-being Scale (short form), and the Working Alliance Inventory (short form). The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis in AMOS software version 24.0. Results: Immature (β= -0.35, P<0.001) and neurotic defense mechanisms (β= -0.22, P<0.001) demonstrated a significant negative correlation with the therapeutic alliance, while mature defense mechanisms (β= 0.38, P<0.001) and psychological well-being (β= 0.24, P<0.001) showed a significant positive correlation with therapeutic alliance. The path analysis revealed the mediating role of psychological well-being in the relationship between immature (β= -0.11, P<0.01), mature (β= 0.14, P<0.01), and neurotic (β= -0.09, P<0.01) defense mechanisms and therapeutic alliance. Conclusion: The results of the present study confirmed the model’s goodness of fit. Therapists’ defense mechanisms and psychological well-being should be taken into account when designing measures to improve the psychotherapy and counseling outcome.
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