Purpose: To evaluate the diuretic effect and acute toxicity of the crude aqueous extract of Trianthema portulacastrum in a rat model. Method: Albino rats were divided into five groups. Control group received normal saline (10 mg/kg), reference group received furosemide (10 mg/kg) and test groups were given different doses of crude extract (10, 30 and 50 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal route. Urine was collected and the total volume of urine excreted was expressed as ml/6 hr/100 g body weight. Diuretic index and Lipschitz values were also calculated to make comparison with normal saline and furosemide treated groups, respectively. Results: Significant diuretic (p < 0.001), kaliuretic (p < 0.001) and natriuretic (p < 0.001) effects were observed in treated groups in a dose-dependent manner. Urinary pH remained mostly unchanged during the course of the study. Diuretic index showed good diuretic activity of the crude extract. Lipschitz values indicated that the crude extract at the dose of 50 mg/kg exhibited 79 % diuretic activity compared with that of the reference, furosemide. No lethal effects were observed among albino mice even at the high dose of 3000 mg/kg. Conclusion: The extract of Trianthema portulacastrum, particularly, at the dose of 50 mg/kg significantly increased the urinary volume and concentration of urinary electrolytes with no signs of toxicity and therefore, is a potential diuretic. Further studies, however, are required to isolate the active constituents.
This study was undertaken to investigate the antiangiogenesis activity of standardized extracts/fractions of the leaf of Piper sarmentosum, using rat aorta model. The pulverized leaf was extracted sequentially and methanol extract was further fractionated with hexane, chloroform and ethylacetate. Both extracts and fractions were standardized by reverse phase HPLC with UV detection at 260 nm, using two markers, sarmentine and sarmentosine. Chloroform and methanol extracts have exhibited antiangiogenesis activity of 100% and 20% respectively. Antiangiogenesis activity of hexane and chloroform fractions was found to be 10% and 90% respectively, while ethylacetate fraction was found to be inactive. The analysis of most active extract and fraction has exhibited different profile by HPLC on the basis of amides. This study indicates that chloroform extract and fraction have promising antiangiogenesis activity and have potential for diseases involving angiogenesis.
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