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Cancer is recognized nowadays as one of the important diseases in Yemen from the public health view. During the last three decades, remarkable changes in oncology health care services were observed in the country, mostly in urban areas. According to the Global Cancer Observatory of the International Agency for Research on Cancer, the total cases reported in the year 2020 was 16,476 new cases, and the top five reported cancers in the country were: breast cancer, colorectum, leukemia, stomach, and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. This rank of cancer types is probably unlike what exists in the neighboring Gulf countries. Oncology services in the country suffer from very limited radiotherapy care, chemotherapy centers, as well as many essential diagnostic laboratories for cancer.

BACKGROUND: Rickets is considered a significant health issue affecting children especially infants and toddlers. Despite the development affordable and accessible of a health care system in Saudi Arabia, Saudi children had a high prevalence of rickets. This study aims to assess knowledge and awareness of mothers about rickets after short interventional program based on the health belief model and social cognitive theory. METHODS: A Quasi-experimental design pre-posttest type was carried out by using self-administered questionnaire. A sample size of 180 mothers who attended the well-baby clinic in primary health care centers in Riyadh and Medina Region were consented and then enrolled in the study. The questionnaire focused on 7 domains; demographic information and the other 6 domains based on health believe model and social cognitive theory. RESULTS: The mean scores of knowledge, self-efficacy, and health belief model constructs (susceptibility, severity, benefits) significantly increased. The mean score and the percentages of knowledge and health belief model constructs show changes between pretest and post test result with statistical significant (27.9% in knowledge and self-efficacy, 34.9% in perceived susceptibility, 54.5% in perceived severity, 25.9% in perceived benefits, 11.7% in perceived barriers and 5.4% in cues to action) all were with a p-value of less than 0.05. CONCLUSION: Educational intervention based on social cognitive theory and health belief model were effective in improving knowledge, awareness and practice related to preventive behaviors of rickets.

Background: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are of great concern, as they have the second-highest fatality rate in the world. This is also true in Saudi Arabia. Objectives: This study aims to identify whether females in Riyadh commonly have aggressive, dangerous driving behavior.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was used to collect data from female car drivers in Riyadh City. A validated Dulla index was used as the instrument to identify the level of aggressive, dangerous driving behavior among the study participants.Results: The participants comprised 407 females. The majority were in the age group of younger than 30 years (44.5%), married (54.8%), at university (44.7%), house owners with personal property (64.1%), employees (63.6%), and with a middling monthly income (32.2%). The sum of the scores from the Dula Dangerous Driving Index (DDDI) was categorized into “inadequate” and “adequate”. The overall prevalence for the inadequate index was 48.4% for the negative cognitive/emotional driving (NCED) subscale, 42.3% for the aggressive driving (AD) subscale, and 48.2% for the risky driving (RD) subscale.Conclusion: Generally, all of the females who participated in this study had reasonably good knowledge of traffic rules and regulations based on the DDDI. This research is essential for decision-makers to formulate and set priorities for enhancing adherence to traffic regulations for the safety of the community.