The purpose of research is to see the effect of type of reagent (NaOH, H 2 O 2 and H 2 SO 4) and the condition of pretreatment of cocoa pod husk towards lignin content after pre-treatment and hydrolysis, reducing sugar and total sugar content. Response Surface Method (RSM) was used to optimize process conditions of pre-treatment (delignification). Hydrolysis for all pretreated sample were carried out using 3% H 2 SO 4 with a ratio of cocoa pod husk to solvent (1:10) for 2 hours at a temperature of 110 o C using an autoclave. The chemical pre-treatment with NaOH was optimized by varying the concentrations of NaOH (4-8% (w/v), centre point: 6%), reaction time (60-100 minutes, centre point: 80 minutes) and ratio of biomass to solvent (1:15-1:25, centre point 1:20 w/v). The optimum conditions in this study was at the concentration of NaOH (X 1) of 4% w/v, reaction time (X 2) of 100 minutes; ratio of biomass/solvent (X 3) of 1:25 (w/v). The lignin content after pre-treatment was 15.03% lignin, lignin content after hydrolysis was 19.57%, 11.75% of reducing sugar, and 12.78% of total sugar. The chemical pre-treatment with alkaline peroxide (H 2 O 2) was optimized by varying the concentrations of H 2 O 2 (4-7% w/v, centre point 5.5% (w/v)), reaction time (40-90 minutes, centre point: 65 minutes), and ratio of biomass/solvent (4-7% w/v). The optimum conditions in this study was at the concentration of H 2 O 2 concentration (X 1) of 5.52% w/v, reaction time (X 2) of 61.97 minutes, biomass loading in solvent (X 3) 7% w/v. The lignin content after pre-treatment was 8.759, lignin content after hydrolysis was 25.029%, 8.169% of reducing sugar, and 10.371% of total sugar. The chemical pre-treatment with H 2 SO 4 was optimized by varying the concentrations of H 2 SO 4 (0.5-1.5% w/v), reaction time (60-120 minutes, centre point: 90 minutes), and ratio of biomass to solvent (1:4-1:6 w/v, centre point 1:5 w/v). The optimum conditions was reached without hydrolysis. The optimum condition this study is at the H 2 SO 4 concentration (X 1) of 1.5%, reaction time (X 2) of 120 minutes, ratio of biomass/solvent (X 3) of 6%. The lignin content after pre-treatment was 18.8%, 15.59% of reducing sugar and 20.49% of total sugar.

Employees are a very important resource for determining the success of a work unit. Efforts to improve the quality of the performance of an ASN is a promotion. The promotion is an award given for work performance and service of ASN, as well as encouragement to further improve work performance and service. One of the main causes is because there is a mismatch between the competencies of employees with the positions they occupy. The discrepancy is caused by the composition of expertise or skills of employees who have not been proportionate. Therefore, it is necessary to have an assessment in determining promotions by taking into account several elements, including formal and informal elements. In both elements there are special criteria as a basis for making an assessment. The method used in this research is Soft System Methodology (SSM) using Analytical Hierarchy Process tools. From the results of the study obtained 2 criteria, namely Formal and Informal. Formal criteria consist of formal education sub rank, rank / goal. space, position training, job experience, years of service, and age, while innovation, creativity, and ideas for developing institutional functions, discipline, ability to collaborate and cooperate with teams, leadership, loyalty, responsibility, ability to communicate well, and political intervention is a sub-criterion of informal criteria. Keywords: decision making, position placement system, state civil aparature, soft system methodology, analytical hierarchy process