Three new phenylpropanoid glycosides, named luteoside A (3), luteoside B (4), and luteoside C (5), were isolated together with the known compounds verbascoside (1) and isoverbascoside (2) from the roots of the medicinal plant Markhamia lutea. The structures of the new compounds were determined to be 1-O-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl beta-D-apiofuranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->3)-4-O- caffeo yl-6-acetyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside, 1-O-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl beta-d-apiofuranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->3)-6-O- caffeo yl-beta-d-glucopyranoside, and 1-O-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl beta-D-apiofuranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->3)-6-O- ferulo yl-beta-d-glucopyranoside, respectively, on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic data. All five phenylpropanoid glycosides exhibited potent in vitro activity against respiratory syncytial virus.
1) but not in leaves and stalks. The concentration is 39 % higher in flowers than in seeds. According to Mukherjee and Kiewitt (7), arachidonic acid also did not occur in 0. biennis, but y-linolenic acid comprised a greater portion of the fatty acid content of seed than in seed of 0. stricta (Table 1). According to Mukherjee and Kiewitt (7), part of the y-linolenic acid synthesis in 0. biennis could be depicted as follows: oleic acid llnoleic acid- .-* y-hnolenic acid. It is known that in animals this forms part of the PGF2a synthesis pathway i.e. llnoleic acid-> y-linolenic acid-* di-homo-y-linolenic acid-* arachidonic acid-* PGF2a (4). The content of PGF2a in seeds and flowers of 0. stricta is given in Table 2, together with PGF2a contents of other plants (organisms).
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