Background: Diarrhoea is a major killer of children under-five, accounting for about 8% of deaths. For children aged under-five years, a median of three episodes of diarrhea occur per child-year. Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of mothers of under-five children.Methods: All mothers of under-five years who attended out-patient department of Pediatrics within the study period were interviewed. A total 200 mothers were assessed regarding the knowledge, attitude and practices towards childhood diarrhoea. Results: Majority of mothers were aware of the definition and cause of diarrhoea (77% and 55% respectively). On the contrary, knowledge regarding preparation and use of home-made ORS was not known to majority of mothers. Regarding practices of mothers, 100% of mothers were using safe drinking water. However, only 60% and 30% practiced hand-washing after defecation and before handling food respectively. Conclusions: Mothers need to be encouraged to start ORS before consulting a doctor. Personal and food hygiene practices need to be improved among the study population.
Background: Health care workers (HCWs) represent high risk population for viral hepatitis infection. This study sought to assess the knowledge of HCWs of Shri Maharaja Hari Singh Hospital regarding hepatitis B infection.Methods: In this hospital based cross-sectional study, 104 HCWs (nurses) from Shri Maharaja Hari Singh hospital, Srinagar were invited to participate in the study and after taking informed written consent were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire.Results: A total of 104 HCWs responded to the study. Majority of the study subjects had satisfactory knowledge about hepatitis B viral infection. Majority (>80%) of respondents had adequate knowledge about the nature of disease. Regarding transmission and prevention 100% of respondents agreed to the fact that blood transfusion had a role in spread of hepatitis B and that it can be prevented by vaccines.Conclusions: More than half (about 51.9 percent) of study subjects were not vaccinated for hepatitis B infection despite of being aware about the spread through needle stick injury. Appropriate educational and health promotion programmes should be implemented to increase the level of preventive practices on hepatitis B among the HCWs.
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis is one of the major diseases of public health importance in the world. Ethambutol hydrochloride is one of the first line drugs employed in the treatment of tuberculosis. The incidence of ethambutol induced toxic optic neuropathy is directly proportional to the dose and duration of ethambutol therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (RNFL) on optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients on ethambutol therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a prospective study of 198 eyes of 100 patients being treated with ethambutol for tuberculosis at DOTS centre of Government Medical College, Srinagar. Visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and RNFL thickness on OCT were assessed. Examination was done before the start of therapy, after two months of treatment and two months after stopping ethambutol. RESULTS A total of 9/198 (4.54%) eyes demonstrated RNFL thinning on OCT after two months of ethambutol therapy. After two months of cessation of therapy, OCT changes were seen in 6/198 (3%) eyes. CONCLUSION The course of ethambutol induced ocular toxicity is unpredictable. Contrast sensitivity and RNFL thickness measurement are the early indicators of ethambutol induced optic neuropathy.
Introduction: Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is the most popular operation for treating nasolacrimal duct obstruction or chronic dacryostenosis. Study aimed to compare the success rate of external dacryocystorhinostomy with and without silicone intubation. Material and Methods: A total 223 were operated for nasolacrimal duct obstruction, at district hospital level. 70 patients were operated with silicon tube intubation and 153 patients operated without silicon tube. The patency of lacrimal drainage system was evaluated with lacrimal syringing. Age, gender, laterality, and lacrimal irrigation in the third month visit were recorded. Surgical success was accepted as the patency of the formed ostium with lacrimal syringing/ irrigation. Data was analysed using the average, standard deviation, variation coefficient, and the statistical significance was determined using t-test. Results: Success rate was higher 94.24% in patients with silicone tube intubation, and 86.92% in without silicon tube intubation, with p-value (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that success rate was higher in dacryocystorhinostomy with silicone intubation, although results were not statistically significant.
Background: Immunization is till now most safe, cost effective and powerful intervention that has decreased the burden of vaccine preventable infectious diseases all over the world. The aim of this study was to estimate the immunization coverage among children aged 12-23 months in district Srinagar of Jammu and Kashmir.Methods: The study sample included 30 clusters from district Srinagar selected as per the 30×7 cluster sampling method.Results: It was found that fully immunized children were 87.14% and 12.26% of children were partially immunized and none was unimmunized. Regarding the individual vaccine coverage, it was highest for OPV1 (99.52%) followed by BCG and OPV0 (99.05%) and lowest for Hepatitis birth dose (95.24%). The dropout was found highest (6.22%) for OPV1-OPV3 and lowest (1.47%) for LPV1 - measles/MCV (1.47%).Conclusions: The immunization of district Srinagar is above 85% and this gives a positive hope for better future to reach coverage of 100%.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.