Methylxanthines especially theophylline have been recognized as potent bronchodilators for of acute asthma over 65 years. Theophylline affects the cardiovascular (CV), neurological, gastrointestinal GI, and metabolic systems. One-hundred and ten patient's records with a discharge diagnosis of acute theophylline intoxication during the period from January 2007 to December 2008 at Poison control Center, Ain Shams University Hospitals were recruited. These patient's records were reported for history, clinical manifestations, investigations and management. It was noticeable that, majority of cases were Females between 10 to less than 30 years old. Gastrointestinal symptoms especially nausea and vomiting were the most frequent. Sinus tachycardia was present in (85.5%) of acute overdose cases, while hypotension was found in only one case. Agitation was present in (7.6%) of with single overdose, while (1.92%) of those cases presented with hallucination. Only one case with single overdose presented with seizures. All patients were having toxic serum theophylline levels and hypokalemia. This work concluded that agitation, sinus tachycardia and hypokalemia were considered as prognostic factors. Moreover, the recorded clinical and laboratory parameters categorized all patients in to mild, moderate and severe cases. In-addition, this study recommended that prognostic factors reported as well as grading system outlined in this work must be assessed routinely and as early as possible to evaluate and improve the outcome the case.
Childhood poisoning is a major cause of morbidity in the developing as well as the developed world. In spite of the success of some interventions to prevent accidental poisoning in the pediatric population, deaths due to unintentional poisonings still occur The present study aims to describe epidemiology of child poisoning at Ain Shams University Hospital during year 2012 and to compare the most common poisoning agents during 2012 with that during year 1983. Descriptive Cross sectional study was carried out at Poison Control Centre (PPC), Ain Shams University Hospital. 4240 cases of child poisoning (age ≤15 years) reach the Emergency Room (ER) during year 2012 and 145 cases during the year 1983 was included. Then analysis were done using SPSS version 18 and all results presented in the form of frequency and percentage. Results revealed that more than 50% of child poisoning during 2012 were at age group less than three years and accidental manner was responsible for 68.5% of cases, non-drug poisoning was responsible for larger percentage (55.7%) of cases of child poisoning than drugs poisoning (44.3%). The opposite was the condition during 1983, drugs poisoning responsible for more than 83% of cases.
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