Background: Having claimed lives, HIV/AIDS is still a significant global public health concern. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is now widely available, and this rapid expansion of access is dramatically improving HIV epidemic survival rates worldwide. Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the mortality risk factors and survival status of ART patients attending Hawassa Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in 2020. Methods: In a five-year retrospective cohort research, all patients seen between January 2015 and December 2019 were analyzed. The data were analyzed with SPSS 25.0. The Kaplan-Meier Log-rank model was employed to gauge the survival time of ART patients based on explanatory variables. Both bivariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to identify the independent causes of mortality. Results: Patients on ART had a 74% overall survival probability. With a median survival of 34 months, there are 0.135 deaths for every 100 person-years. Hemoglobin level (HR = 2.38; 95% CI = 3.3-6.3), WHO clinical stage III and IV (HR = 3; 95% CI = 2.2-9.5, p = 0.04), Age > = 60 (HR = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.3-2, p = 0.04) and Functional status bed ridden (HR = 3.1; 95% CI = 1.2-9.4, p = 0.04) were all independent predictors of death among RVI patients. Conclusion: In comparison to trials conducted in wealthy countries, the survival rate of ART patients in this study was low. Patients who are anemic; WHO advanced clinical stage; old age, and functional status bedridden should be closely followed and monitored.
Background: Having claimed lives, HIV/AIDS is still a significant global public health concern. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is now widely available, and this rapid expansion of access is dramatically improving HIV epidemic survival rates worldwide. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the mortality risk factors and survival status of ART patients attending Hawassa Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in 2020. Methods: All patients seen between January 2015 and December 2019 were examined in a five-year retrospective cohort study. SPSS 25.0 was used to analyze the data. Based on explanatory variables, the Kaplan-Meier Log-rank model was used to assess the survival time of ART patients. To find the independent determinants of mortality, bivariate, and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used. Result: Overall survival probability of ART patients was 74%. The death incidence rate of 0.135 per 100 person-years with medial survival of 34 months. Hemoglobin level (HR=2.38;95% CI= 3.3-6.3); WHO clinical stage III and IV (HR=3; 95% CI= 2.2-9.5, p=0.04); Age >=60 (HR=1.6; 95% CI=1.3–2, p=0.04); Functional status bed ridden (HR=3.1; 95% CI=1.2-9.4, p=0.04) were independent predictors of mortality among RVI patients. Conclusion: In this study, the survival rate of ART patients was low in comparison to trials done in rich countries. Close follow-up and monitoring should be given to patients who are anemic; WHO advanced clinical stage; old age, functional status bedridden needs special attention.
Background: HIV/AIDS continues to be a major global public health issue, having claimed. The rapidly expanding access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is increasing survival of global HIV epidemic dramatic ways and AIDS-related mortality rates are declining fastly. Objectives:The aim of this study was to determine survival status and predictors' of mortality among ART patients attending Hawassa Comprehensive Specialized Hospital 2020. Methods:A five years retrospective cohort study was conducted involving all patients seen were reviewed between from January 2015-December 2019. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Kaplan-Meier Log-rank model was used to estimate the survival time of ART patients based on explanatory variables. Bivariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models was performed to identify the independent predictors for mortality.Result: Overall survival probability of ART patients was 74%. The death incidence rate of 0.135 per 100 personyears with medial survival of 34 month. WHO clinical stage III and IV (HR = 3; 95% CI =, 0.9-9.5, p = 0.04); age > = 60 (HR = 1.6; 95% CI = 0.3-2, p = 0.04); Functional status bed ridden (HR = 3.1; 95% CI = 1.2-9.4, p = 0.04); hemoglobin level (HR = 2.38; 95% CI = 0.91-6.28) were independent predictors of mortality among RVI patients. Conclusion:Survival rate of ART patients in this study was low as compared to other studies conducted in the developed world. Strengthening ART care centers, improving community awareness on PLWHA, timely diagnosis and early initiation for treatment may be necessary to increase patient survival.
Background: Iron deficiency anemia is common during pregnancy since the overall iron requirement is greater than non-pregnant women and is associated with adverse outcomes. Iron deficiency (ID) is a state of insufficient iron to maintain normal physiological functions of tissues and leads to anemia. Objectives: To assess factors associated with the utilization of Iron with Folic acid supplement Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal care at Government Health Facilities and Family Guidance Clinic in Hawassa City, South Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 412 health providers who are working at public health institutes in Hawassa city from March to April 2015. Pretested Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect the data. The data was entered into Epi-data and analysed by SPSS version 26.0. Bivariate and multivariate regression analysis was used to see the significant association between the outcome and independent variables. Odds ratios and 95% CI will be computed to measure the strength of the association, p - value of ˂ 0.05 will be considered a statistically significant. Results: A total of 412 pregnant women who came to attend ANC at least for the second time were interviewed in seven health facilities. Our study showed that 333 (81%, 95% CI: 77.2 - 84.8) pregnant women reported taking IFA supplements and high compliance was 37.7% (95% CI: 32.5 - 42.9). In multivariable analysis, side effects and low acceptance of the supplement were significantly associated with compliance to IFA supplementation (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There is a relatively better level of compliance towards IFA supplementation compared to other national data. Pregnant women should be counseled regarding how to manage the side effects of IFA supplements during ANC. Further research has to be done on the acceptability of the supplements.
Background: Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional disorder in the world, and most prevalent in women of reproductive age. Iron supplementation is a common strategy currently used to control iron deficiency, and iron deficiency anemia in developing countries. However, it is not clear whether women actually ingest the supplements. Objectives: To assess IFA utilization and factors associated with IFA utilization among pregnant women attending ANC at government health facilities and family guidance clinic in Hawassa city, South Ethiopia. Methods: Facility based cross-sectional survey was conducted in March /2015. Sample size is determined by using single and double population proportion. Consecutive sampling technique was used to select study units. Data was collected by trained unemployed diploma nurses using a pretested structured questionnaire. It was cleaned and checked for completeness and then entered in to Epi-info 3.2.2 and exported to SPSS 16.o software for analysis. Predictors were found out using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results: A total of 412 pregnant women who came to attend ANC at least for the second time were interviewed in seven health facilities. Our study showed that 333 (81%, 95% CI: 77.2−84.8) pregnant women reported taking IFA supplement and compliance was 37.7% (95% CI: 32.5-42.9). In multivariable analysis, side effects and low acceptance of the supplement were significantly associated with high compliance to IFA supplementation (P < 0.05). Conclusion: There was a better level of compliance towards IFA supplementation compared to other national data. Pregnant women should be counseled regarding how to manage the side of IFA supplement during ANC. Further research has to be done on the acceptability of the supplements.
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