The genus Bauhinia (family Fabaceae) is widely distributed worldwide and is frequently used in folk medicine-related practices. For instance, leaves, stems and roots are employed for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, inflammatory processes, infections and pain. 1 In vitro and in vivo studies have suggested that the therapeutic properties of the plant are mostly due to the presence of flavonoids. 2 Bauhinia ungulata L, a Brazilian native species, is popularly known as "pata-de-vaca", 3 and can be found in various regions of the country. The popular use of this plant in Brazil originates mainly from its hypoglycemic properties. 4 Phytochemical analysis of leaves of B. ungulata L. revealed the presence of quercetin, quercetin arabinofuranoside, quercitrin and the alkaloids, harmane Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Bauhinia ungulata L. (Fabaceae) on LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells ABSTRACT Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the antioxidant, immunomodulatory and antimicrobial activities of Bauhinia ungulata L. Method: A flavonoid-rich fraction was obtained from the Bauhinia ungulata L stem, called the ethyl acetate fraction of Bauhinia ungulata (FABU). The total antioxidant capacity of the FABU was determined through the phosphomolibdenium reduction method. For the evaluation of its antioxidant activity on a cell culture model, LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were treated with different concentrations of FABU and the reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) production levels were measured. For the analysis of its immunomodulatory capacity, TNF-α, TGF-β and IL-10 levels were determined in the culture supernatant. In order to determinate the antimicrobial activity of FABU, antifungal and antibacterial susceptibility testing was performed against Candida albicans, methicillinsensitive Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Result: The FABU demonstrated neither significant antimicrobial activity nor immunodulatory capacity; on the other hand, its potential antioxidant activity was demonstrated by the phosphomolibdenium reduction assay. Also, FABU treatment inhibited the ROS, NO, H 2 O 2 and TBARS levels in the supernatant of LPS-stimulated cells. Conclusion: A significant reduction in the amount of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) was observed, in addition to lipid peroxidation inhibition. Our data suggest that the FABU is a natural antioxidant complex that may interfere in the cascade of cell damage caused by free radicals and a promising potential drug in chronic disease models in which immunopathogenicity involves high levels of RONS.
O objetivo desse estudo foi observar em periquitos australianos (Mellopsitacus undulatus) inoculados com cepa de Salmonella Saintpaul a presença de sinais clínicos, excreção do microrganismo e as possíveis alterações macroscópicas em órgão acarretadas pela infecção bacteriana. Foram estudados dois grupos experimentais que receberam inóculos via gavagem com determinada concentração bacteriana. Após a inoculação, foram realizadas análises microbiológicas, para a detecção de patógenos de suabe cloacal e de amostras de fezes. No último dia, as aves foram eutanasiadas para a análise de órgãos. Durante o período experimental não foram observadas mortalidade ou detecção de sinais clínicos, embora tenha sido possível observar a positividade do microrganismo nas fezes, suabes cloacais e órgãos das aves que receberam a maior dose de concentração. Nos dois grupos foram observadas alterações macroscópicas. Este estudo mostrou que periquitos australianos infectados com alta concentração bacteriana não apresentaram sinal clínico da doença. Porém, essas aves são susceptíveis à invasão bacteriana nos órgãos internos e podem disseminar o patógeno no meio ambiente.
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