Indonesia ratified the Minamata Convention in Kumamoto Japan through Law No. 11 of 2017 concerning the Minamata agreement. This ratification is intended to provide protection for the environment from the use of mercury-based materials. Previous studies showed that the use of mercury in Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining (ASGM) had a significant negative impact on health and the environment. The problem is whether the problems that need to be done in the application of the above regulations and maintaining environmental sustainability? The research method was carried out through related discussions and discussions with 25 relevant stakeholders, from miners, and local community, which was selected purposively. The research result was analysed qualitatively. This type of research is a combination of normative juridical and empirical juridical. For normative juridical law materials are used regarding relevant laws and regulations and cases. Data analysis was carried out descriptively. The result of the study indicate that The Minamata Convention has not been implemented as expected. The research recommended the need for policies to formalize ASGM in Gorontalo as a solution to facilitate access to mercury use. The need to educate miners about the dangers of using mercury, need alternative solutions to technology interventions for miners.
Biodiversity protection as the ecosystem formation component that supports the process of life is highly needed to take into account. Several previous studies show that biodiversity in Gorontalo is decreased that it will endanger other biodiversities in this region if this urgent issue is not immediately resolved. One of the solutions is through cross science. The objective of this study is to describe biodiversity and Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining (ASGM) along with the needs to optimize the functions of law in protecting biodiversity. This study was conducted by referring to previous studies, so that secondary data were used. It also employed an interview section in order to support the secondary data mentioned previously. Further, the data were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive analysis based on several relevant statutory norms.
The use of plastic waste causes various benefits in human life, but it also has negative impacts. Plastic waste has become part of environmental pollution and the Covid-19 pandemic has led to an increase in the use of plastic. The right to life is a part of human rights that every individual absolutely has. Human life depends on the surrounding environmental conditions, and the right to a good environment has a significant influence on the right to life. This study was based on the previous description, entitled “Good Environment as a Part of Human Rights (A Case Study on Plastic Waste)”. This study was a normative legal study, which used a conceptual and statute approach. This article discusses two main points namely: (1) The right to a good environment in the concept of human rights; (2) Environmental protection as part of the protection of human rights, with a case study on solid waste. The results showed that the right to a good, clean, and healthy environment is crucial in fulfilling the right to life. Without a good environment, the right to life could not be optimally enjoyed. Thus, protecting the environment from pollution, especially plastic waste, is part of the fulfillment of human rights. Keywords: environment, human right, plastic waste
Bajo is a tribe that has a uniqueness, they settled in coastal or shallow water areas. The uniqueness of the settlements and the natural conditions of the Bajo people can be a tourism potential to improve the economic conditions of the Bajo people. Tourism requires preserved environmental conditions. The Bajo has a 'living law' related to the preservation of coastal and marine areas, such as the prohibition of throwing garbage and household waste into the sea, the prohibition of killing turtles, the prohibition of destroying corals, and the prohibition of going to sea during the spawning period of fish. Bajo's 'living law' is in the form of unwritten law, so it has several weaknesses. First, because the unwritten form is feared to shift and could be lost, second, the implementation could not be enforced by the official because it is not official law. A good official law is one that is in accordance with the 'living law', so it would be better to adopt the 'living law' of Bajo in the official law, for the sake of preserving the environment, and support economic improvement through tourism.
The buildup of plastic waste is a problem for the environment, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased the amount of plastic waste. Despite the widespread implementation of waste management, the effectiveness of such an environmental policy varies in every region. One of the causes is the internal factor covering the local community and its perspectives and values. Legal culture is a part of legal systems, reflecting how the local community perceives a specific issue. Different societies have their legal culture, resulting in varied responses of communities to a particular regulation. This notion becomes the rationale for conducting this research. Relying on the empirical-normative method, the present work explores the legal culture of different communities regarding plastic waste management. The normative analysis employed two approaches: conceptual and laws and regulations. For empirical juridical studies, interviews and focus discussions are opted. The results reveal that each community group has different values and mindsets according to the surrounding environment, resulting in distinct legal cultures from one another. Further, differences in the legal culture of the community contribute to the community’s response to regulations regarding plastic waste management. Keywords: legal culture, legal system, plastic waste
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