One of the main goals of the interpretation of magnetic data is the imaging of the boundaries of subsurface structures. In this study, a new edge detector called improved horizontal tilt angle (impTDX) has been introduced and tested on synthetic and measured magnetic data. The filter exhibits high efficiency not only in detecting the boundaries of the sources, but also in determining magnetic sources from different depth levels. The impTDX filter produces more precise and sharper boundaries, increases the discernibility of neighboring anomalies, has the advantage of avoiding creation of false edges, and is less sensitive to noise compared to other known filters, which minimizes the uncertainty in the data interpretation. The proposed filter has been applied to aeromagnetic data from Sohag, Egypt. It highlighted the subsurface magnetic structures with high resolution where a structural map showing normal faults demarcating the subsurface causative horsts and grabens was constructed. This map confirms that the Nile grabens are of tectonic origin related to the opening of the Red Sea. Our findings indicate that the proposed filter can be considered as a valuable tool in mapping of subsurface magnetic structures.
It has recently become more popular to involve 3-D modeling and digital documentation in the conservation and restoration of heritage sites. The main objective of the current study is to develop a digital documentation process using laser scanning for Abu Simbel Temple, which is one of the most famous archaeological sites in Egypt. We focus on these techniques to replace traditional methods of building heritage documentation. To create the 3-D model with geographic coordinates and measure the rate of deformation, a precise geodetic network of five points was established around the temple. Then, 52 scans of the temple facade and its interior parts were taken using a Trimble TX6 laser scanner. This led to the creation of a 3-D digital model of the temple that includes geometric, structural, architectural, historical data, and non-engineering information (such as appearance, inscriptions, and material details). The 3-D point cloud model outputs exhibit a 6 mm spacing between the points with an error of 4 mm and a standard deviation of 5 mm. In addition, the temple’s virtual tour included 61 panoramic images. This virtual tour can help to increase heritage awareness, promote tourism, and aid in the future restoration of any parts vulnerable to damage.
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