The current study aims to prepare whey from bovine and buffalo fresh milk to make three types of cheese, namely: thermal, acidic and enzymatic. Afterward, whey proteins have been separated, then the concentration process of whey proteins has been conducted by using ultrafiltration membrane technology. Through the previous step, two products have been obtained; first, concentrated whey proteins which is called (Retentate), while the other is called (Permeate). Applying rotary evaporator, whey proteins are concentrated and then drying in two methods: spray-drying and freeze-drying in a form of white and soft powder. The chemical composition has been studied at each phase. The results show the separation, purification, and concentration of bovine and buffalo whey proteins by using ultrafiltration membrane technology. The results show that buffalo whey proteins produced by the method of enzymatic and dried with spray-drying are better than bovine whey protein. Finally, the results show a low ratio of lactose, salts and moisture content at the stages of filtration and concentration. The results present a high proportion of protein to 80 .and low ratio lactose and salt.

Biosurfactants are amphipathic molecules generated by a variety of microorganisms with different biological functions. In this study, lactic acid bacteria were screened for their emulsification properties. However, the Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain LBpWAM was molecularly identified using 16S rRNA, and its ability to produce surface-active peptides was investigated. The biosurfactant derived from L. plantarum LBp_WAM was shown to have the potential to reduce water surface tension from 72 mN.m-1 to 32 mN/m within a critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 2.4 mg.ml-1. The emulsification index (E24) values were evaluated for sunflower oil (60 ± 3.0%), glycerol (53.9 ± 0.11 %), olive oil (49.0 ± 2.0 %), mineral oil (50.7 ± 0.60 %), hexane (36.03±0.05 %), and kerosene (31 ±0.05 %). The biosurfactant was purified using gel filtration chromatography (GFC), and the molecular weight was determined using the SDS-PAGE method, indicating an approximate molecular weight of 19 kDa. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were used to determine the molecular structure of the obtained molecule, which was found to be composed of protein, lipid, and polysaccharides. The biosurfactant's antibacterial activity was also examined, as it showed inhibitory effects against different species of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.