In the context of the growing utilization of biomass to produce energy and of the related need to decrease pollutant emissions from domestic wood combustion devices, this paper presents a new kinetic model of wood combustion considering especially in details the gas-phase reactions related to the combustion of the tars produced by the biomass devolatization. The tar production is predicted using a semi-detailed mechanism of the literature. The tar gas-phase combustion model has been built as a compilation of literature mechanisms already proposed for these species, except for hydroxyacetaldehyde for which a new oxidation mechanism has been written. Experiments on the thermochemical behavior of three types of wood (beech, fir and oak) were also performed in parallel of this work using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The new detailed kinetic model of wood combustion, BioPOx (Biomass Pyrolysis and Oxidation), has been tested against a wide range of experimental results published in literature. This model fairly reproduces experimental results for pyrolysis and combustion of biomass and its constituents, key produced tars from biomass pyrolysis, and key compounds for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) formation, for a wide range of experimental devices and operating conditions.
Dwindling fossil fuel reserves and global climate change drive researchers to discover and develop new strategies to derive energy from renewable sources, such as biomass, including wood. However, when poorly controlled, wood burning can be a source of atmospheric pollution. With the ultimate purpose of better controlling pollutant emissions from domestic small combustion installations, this paper follows two objectives. First, temperature and pollutant measurements obtained at the chimney outlet of a domestic inset fed with wood logs and working under nominal operating conditions are presented. Measured pollutants include CO, CO 2 , nitrogen oxides (NOx), monoaromatic, carbonyl, and phenolic compounds, as well as polycyclic-aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and sugars with measurement made using different types of wood. Second, this paper describes a first attempt of modeling based on a detailed chemistry and tests it for simulating the measured pollutants. The model includes a previously developed detailed chemical kinetic mechanism and a simplified model of thermal transfer in the wood log. A network of ideal reactors (equivalent reactor network (ERN)), for which simulations using the detailed kinetic model are feasible, is proposed to represent both the primary pyrolysis and the combustion of the emitted gaseous species. With only adjusting the parameters used in the model in order to simulate the smoke temperature and the CO 2 mole fraction for a single batch well, simulations give a reasonably good order of magnitude for all of the measured pollutants for the seven used wood batches. A sensitivity analysis of the used parameters and of the structure of the ERN model is also presented.
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