Despite enhanced socioeconomic status of people and advents in antibiotic therapy, there still exists numerous cases of severe maxillofacial infections. "The
Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of administration of both preoperative and postoperative dexamethasone with that of only preoperative dexamethasone, and with that of a no dexamethasone (control) on reduction of pain, trismus and swelling following lower impacted 3rd molar surgery.
Methods: A prospective randomized controlled double blinded study at the dental clinic of Babcock University Teaching Hospital on 84 subjects that were divided into 3 groups. Group A had both preoperative and postoperative dexamethasone, while group B had only preoperative dexamethasone and group C was a 'no dexamethasone' group. Differential mean facial swelling, mouth opening and pain scores were compared within the three groups.
Results: The pattern of postoperative swelling, pain and trismus showed a general decrease from day 1 to 7, with group A showing the highest rate of decrease. On postoperative day 1, there was a difference between the swelling of groups A and C (p =0.01) and groups B and C (p = 0.02) and also between the pain scores of group A and group C (p = 0.01). On postoperative day 3, there was only a difference between the swelling of groups A and C (p = 0.02), but not in pain and trismus and no difference was seen in all the measured variables on postoperative day 7.
Conclusion: Administration of a combination of both preoperative and post operative dexamethasone to reduce the postoperative inflammatory sequelae that follows lower third molar surgery gave better results than administration of only a single preoperative dose.
Objective: The main objective of this study was to determine association between dental caries and body mass index (BMI), and dental caries and frequency of sugar consumption freshmen undergraduate student in Nigeria.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 1,164 students between 15 to 23 years of age. The independent variables for this study included age, sex, socioeconomic status, BMI, frequency of consuming refined sugars between meals and action taken after consumption of refined sugars. Descriptive analysis was used for all the quantitative variables while inferential analysis using logistic regression was used to determine predictors of dental caries.
Results: A total of 1,164 students participated in the study, comprising 61.9% females and 38.1% males. The mean age of the participants was 18.13 (±4.99) and mean BMI was 21.68 (±7.93). The prevalence of dental caries was 10.6% and the mean Decay Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) was 0.32 (±1.05). Age and socioeconomic status were the significant predictors of dental caries (p=0.02; p=0.04 respectively). However, there was increase odds of having dental caries in students with normal BMI ((AOR: 1.19; P=0.62), students that consumed refined sugar 3-4 between meals (AOR: 1.27; P=0.28) and students that did nothing after consumption of refined sugar (AOR: 1.43; P=0.51).
Conclusion: The prevalence of dental caries in this study population was low, older students from middle socioeconomic status had significant caries prevalence and there were increase odds of dental caries in students with normal BMI, and in those that consumed refined sugars 3-4 times between meals.
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