A 3‐month‐old, female, entire, mixed breed dog presented for a 1‐day history of ataxia and a 7‐day history of gastrointestinal upset. Neurologic examination revealed dull mentation, head pressing and bruxism. The dog had generalised coarse tremors during ambulation and cervical ventroflexion. Cranial nerve examination, postural reactions and myotatic reflexes were normal. The dog was markedly hypernatraemic at 202 mmol/L (139–151 mmol/L) and was assessed to be non‐hypervolaemic. The dog received custom fluids, and once stabilised, underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed agenesis of the rostral portion and hypoplasia of the caudal portion of the corpus callosum. Absence of the septum pellucidum and a cortical development abnormality were noted with fusion of the ventral portion of the frontal lobes and malformation of the cingulate gyrus. Cerebrospinal fluid revealed an elevated total protein with a mild lymphocytic and macrophagic pleocytosis. The dog responded well to increased dietary moisture.
Trapped neutrophil syndrome is a rare congenital disease recognized in Border Collies and is characterized by persistent neutropenia with myeloid hyperplasia. The mechanism of neutropenia has not been described. We document the case of a young Border Collie diagnosed with trapped neutrophil syndrome based on clinical features, blood and bone marrow evaluation, and presence of the associated homozygous mutation. Results from flow cytometric and storage studies suggested lower neutrophil survival time. The dog had substantial neutrophilic inflammation in multiple organs, indicating that neutrophils could leave the marrow and enter tissues, making the term "trapped" neutrophil syndrome a misnomer.
A 10-year-old male neutered silky terrier presented for a 3-day history of acute onset stertor and hyporexia. Physical examination revealed inspiratory and expiratory stertor, which resolved when the mouth was open and there was absent airflow through the right nostril. Computed tomography revealed a noncontrast-enhancing fat attenuating structure (−33 Hounsfield units) occluding the right rostral nasopharyngeal lumen with a strong gas-fat interface rostrally and caudally. Anterior and retrograde rhinoscopy was performed. Retrograde rhinoscopy revealed the presence of brown/tan foreign material within the right nasopharynx, which was removed via flushing and manual retrieval. Anterior rhinoscopy was unremarkable. The foreign body was determined to be a pecan nut (∼72% fat), and removal resulted in resolution of clinical signs. This case report demonstrates the clinical utility of computed tomography in identifying the material of origin of unusual foreign bodies utilising Hounsfield units.
A 7-year-old female spayed domestic shorthair cat presented for dyspnoea and haemoptysis. Point-of-care ultrasound revealed pleural effusion. Fluid analysis noted proteinaceous fluid rich in small lymphocytes. A mediastinal mass was present on radiographs. CT revealed a fluid attenuating structure within the left thyroid gland. Right-sided thyroid tissue was not identified. A fluid attenuating structure with associated amorphous soft tissue was present within the mediastinum. Aspirates were consistent with cystic fluid. A surgical cystectomy was performed. Histopathology of the left thyroid structure revealed a cystic thyroid follicular adenoma. The cystic structure involving the cranial mediastinum was suspected to represent an ectopic parathyroid cyst. Alternative differentials such as a branchial remnant could not be ruled out. Immunohistochemistry of the ectopic endocrine tissue associated with the cyst was negative for thyroglobulin and calcitonin. Parathyroid hormone immunohistochemistry was unavailable for confirmation. Post-operative hypothyroidism and hypocalcemia were medically managed. Surgical cystectomy resulted in the resolution of pleural effusion.
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