The increasing trend of large carnivore attacks on humans not only raises human safety concerns but may also undermine large carnivore conservation efforts. Although rare, attacks by brown bears Ursus arctos are also on the rise and, although several studies have addressed this issue at local scales, information is lacking on a worldwide scale. Here, we investigated brown bear attacks (n = 664) on humans between 2000 and 2015 across most of the range inhabited by the species: North America (n = 183), Europe (n = 291), and East (n = 190). When the attacks occurred, half of the people were engaged in leisure activities and the main scenario was an encounter with a female with cubs. Attacks have increased significantly over time and were more frequent at high bear and low human population densities. There was no significant difference in the number of attacks between continents or between countries with different hunting practices. Understanding global patterns of bear attacks can help reduce dangerous encounters and, consequently, is crucial for informing wildlife managers and the public about appropriate measures to reduce this kind of conflicts in bear country.
Parapolsky �ol is o�e o� t�e lar�est �etla�ds o� �orld i�porta�ce. �o�ever� t�ere is o�ly �ra��e�tary i��or�a� �ol is o�e o� t�e lar�est �etla�ds o� �orld i�porta�ce. �o�ever� t�ere is o�ly �ra��e�tary i��or�a� �ol is o�e o� t�e lar�est �etla�ds o� �orld i�porta�ce. �o�ever� t�ere is o�ly �ra��e�tary i��or�a� is o�e o� t�e lar�est �etla�ds o� �orld i�porta�ce. �o�ever� t�ere is o�ly �ra��e�tary i��or�a� is o�e o� t�e lar�est �etla�ds o� �orld i�porta�ce. �o�ever� t�ere is o�ly �ra��e�tary i��or�a� o� t�e lar�est �etla�ds o� �orld i�porta�ce. �o�ever� t�ere is o�ly �ra��e�tary i��or�a� o� t�e lar�est �etla�ds o� �orld i�porta�ce. �o�ever� t�ere is o�ly �ra��e�tary i��or�a� t�e lar�est �etla�ds o� �orld i�porta�ce. �o�ever� t�ere is o�ly �ra��e�tary i��or�a� t�e lar�est �etla�ds o� �orld i�porta�ce. �o�ever� t�ere is o�ly �ra��e�tary i��or�a� lar�est �etla�ds o� �orld i�porta�ce. �o�ever� t�ere is o�ly �ra��e�tary i��or�a� lar�est �etla�ds o� �orld i�porta�ce. �o�ever� t�ere is o�ly �ra��e�tary i��or�a� �etla�ds o� �orld i�porta�ce. �o�ever� t�ere is o�ly �ra��e�tary i��or�a� �etla�ds o� �orld i�porta�ce. �o�ever� t�ere is o�ly �ra��e�tary i��or�a� o� �orld i�porta�ce. �o�ever� t�ere is o�ly �ra��e�tary i��or�a� o� �orld i�porta�ce. �o�ever� t�ere is o�ly �ra��e�tary i��or�a� �orld i�porta�ce. �o�ever� t�ere is o�ly �ra��e�tary i��or�a� �orld i�porta�ce. �o�ever� t�ere is o�ly �ra��e�tary i��or�a� i�porta�ce. �o�ever� t�ere is o�ly �ra��e�tary i��or�a� i�porta�ce. �o�ever� t�ere is o�ly �ra��e�tary i��or�a�. �o�ever� t�ere is o�ly �ra��e�tary i��or�a� �o�ever� t�ere is o�ly �ra��e�tary i��or�a� tio� about t�e species co�positio� a�d structure o� a�i�al co��u�ities i� t�is area� due to its i�accessibility. T�is �act deter�i�es t�e releva�ce o� studyi�� s�all �a��als as a� i�dicator �roup i� Parapolsky �ol. T�e article deals �it� t�e results o� a researc� o� t�e �au�a a�d s�all �a��al co��u�ities o� Parapolsky �ol (Koryak State Nature Reserve)� carried out �ro� 25 Au�ust to 15 Septe�ber 2017. T�e study area i�cluded t�e s�ore o� Lake Talovskoye, the floodplains of the River Tylakrylvayam and the River Ichiginnyvayams. �uri�� t�e period o� 2735 trap��i��ts a�d 144 cyli�der��i��ts �e captured 5 s�all �a��al species: Myodes rutilus� M. rufocanus� Sorex isodon� S. caecutiens a�d Ochotona hyperborea. T�e surveyed �abitats ra��ed �ro� t�e �axi�u� to t�e �i�i�u� abu�da�ce o� s�all �a��als: t�e floodplain of the River Ichiginnyvayam-10.9 individuals/100 trap-nights, 8.0 individuals /100 cylinder-nights; the shore of Lake Talovskoye-3.48 individuals/100 trap-nights; t�e floodplain of the River Tylakrylvayam-1.43 individuals/100 trap-nights, 2.53 individuals/100 cylinder-nights. The largest �u�ber o� species (4) �as captured i� t�e �abitats �it� �oody ve�etatio� a�d berry beds. T�e results o� t�e capture by s�ap traps revealed t�e te�de�cy o� M. rutilus a�d S. rufocanus to do�i�ate i� �ost �abitats. T�e results o� t�e capture by cyli�ders s�o� t�at S. caecutiens is do�i�a�t i� t�e surveyed ope� �abitats. All studied co��u�itie...
The paper deals with the study of species composition and small mammals population structure of Malaya Sosva (Little Sosva) state nature reserve, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug Yugra, Russia. The research was conducted within the last ten days of June, 2019 on the Malaya Sosva River flood plain (Shukhtungort ranger station neighborhood, northern taiga). The animals were registered in typical biotopes of the research area: a herb-oxalis pinery, a lingonberry-lidum pinery, a lingonberry-pleurocarpous moss pinery, a herb-oxalis spruce forest, a herb-woodreed pinery, on the skirts of a mixed forest around the ranger station on the border of a mowed secondary meadow. In the course of investigation, the following five species of small rodents and insectivores were registered: Myodes rutilus, Myodes rufocanus, Sorex caecutiens, Talpa europaea, Pteromys volans. M. rutilus was an absolute dominant species in terms of numbers in the majority of the studied biotopes. S. caecutiens is co-dominating in the herb-oxalis pinery and herb-oxalis spruce forest, and M. rufocanus is co-dominating in the lingonberry-lidum pinery. In the herb-woodreed pinery, only individuals of S. caecutiens species were caught in a pitfall trap. Communities of small mammals in different types of habitats show low values of species diversity and sustainability due to harsh natural-climatic conditions of the region. A small mammals community of mature herb-oxalis pinery on the bank of Svyatoy Sor Lake, where the protected species, Pteromys volans, was registered, shows the highest values of abundance of small mammals and a maximum level of overall welfare index. It suggests that the habitat under study should be studied further and protected.
We studied genetic polymorphism of four mammal species Myodes rutilus, Myodes rufocanus, Sorex isodon, from four localities, the Valley of Geysers, Uzon volcanic caldera, the Death Valley, and the Shore of Kuril Lake. In total, 172 individuals were genotyped using the inter-simple sequence repeat technique. We observed the lowest polymorphism in shrews S. caecutiens. In this species, 68.8 % of bands were polymorphic, and Nei’s genetic diversity (h) was 0.27, while these values in S. isodon were 81.3 % and 0.29, respectively. Populations of M. rufocanus were the most polymorphic among the studied species (P = 91.4, h = 0.34). Polymorphism in M. rutilus from Kamchatka (P = 87.2, h = 0.29) was similar to that from Western Siberia. In addition, we found a high genetic differentiation of rodent populations. The interpopulation component of genetic variability was about 30–40 % (GST = 0.31 in M. rutilus and 0.39 in M. rufocanus). Gene flow among populations of M. rutilus from Kamchatka was two times lower than that of populations of the species from taiga ecosystems in Siberia. Key words: Myodes, Sorex, Differentiation of populations, Genetic variability, ISSR markers, Kamchatka Peninsula
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.