Since February 24 th , 2022, the beginning of Russia's aggression against Ukraine, over 5 million refugees from Ukraine have crossed the European Union border, mainly women and children. In addition, over 35,000 people crossed the Polish border, over 972,000 the Romanian border, 654,000 the Hungarian border, 473,000 the Moldavian border, and 446,000 the Slovakian border (Verner, n.d.). Most arrivals are women and children from all parts of Ukraine. However, the exact number of pregnant and postpartum women war refugees is unknown. According to the United Nations Population Fund, an estimated 265,000 Ukrainian women were pregnant when Clínica y Salud (2022) 33(3) 127-135
The psychological approaches to determining the types of perfectionism in adults and adolescents are considered in the article; the criteria underlying such typologies are analyzed. The psychological features of perfectionism in adolescence are described. The analysis of correlation between the level of general perfectionism in adolescents and the level of academic success, the degree of anxiety and depression manifestations, dominance of motivational tendencies for success or avoidance of failure is done. Using cluster analysis, the typology of perfectionism is developed in adolescence, which takes into account the following criteria: «avoiding failure-hope for success»; «high level of success-low level of success»; «no emotional problems-high emotional problems»; «high level of perfectionism-low level of perfectionism».
The article is devoted to the study of student's coping strategies influence on the level of their subjective well-being in conditions of distance learning. It was found that student's coping strategies have an impact on the level of their psychological comfort. Using regression analysis it was revealed that the variability of student's life well-being is determined by the following coping strategies: positive self-esteem; responsibility; planning; escape and self-control. It was developed the typology of students in the conditions of distance education, which includes such indicators of dominant coping strategies: the level of psychological comfort, dominant coping and measure of stress tolerance. According to the certain typology, three types of students were defined: 1) adaptive type (high indicators of well-being, high indicators of tolerance to stress, dominant strategies “self-esteem”, “responsibility” and “planning” ); 2) maladaptive type (low indicators of well-being, low indicators of tolerance to stress, dominant coping “escape”); 3) average adaptive type (average indicators of well-being, average indicators of tolerance to stress; dominant strategies “responsibility”, “self-control”, low indicators of coping “positive self-esteem”). The results of the study indicate that students who are best adapted to distance learning and have a high level of psychological comfort tend to evaluate themselves positively, treat work responsibly, plan their studies and have an average level of self-control.
The article is devoted to the study of school anxiety in adolescents-perfectionists and exploring ways of its correction. It was found that high levels of perfectionism in adolescents can increase the probability of impaired emotional well-being and, in particular, excessive levels of anxiety. To determine the level of perfectionism and components of school anxiety in pupils, two psychodiagnostic methods were used: the “Child-Adolescent Perfectionism Scale” by P. Hewitt and G. Flett and the “Multidimensional Anxiety Scale” by K. Malkova. The study of school anxiety was conducted in two stages: before and after correction. The correction involved setting realistic goals and adequate requirements for oneself; formation the ability for justified risk; shifting focus on achievement, not failure. The results of a comparative analysis of anxiety before and after correction in the participants of the experimental group indicated a statistically significant decrease anxiety related to the assessment of others; anxiety in relationships with teachers; anxiety related to school success; anxiety in knowledge testing situations. The results of a comparative analysis of experimental and control groups adolescents-perfectionists confirmed the effectiveness of corrective action aimed at reducing school anxiety due to the presence of destructive perfectionist attitudes.
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