This work proposes a mathematical modeling and numerical simulation of a
gypsum rotary kiln with indirect oil heating in a three-dimensional
transient regime. The mathematical model was based on Fourier's Law as a
constitutive relationship and the principle of energy conservation, applied
to a control volume in cylindrical coordinates. Furthermore, a bed
homogenization model was used to represent the most realistic condition of
the physical phenomenon since some rotary kilns have internal fins that aim
at homogenizing the gypsum temperature during calcination. This work intends
to fill the gap found in heat transfer processes on rotary kilns in
transient regime considering three dimensions positions, to have an accurate
projection of the temperature profile of the kiln and also, given by the
numerical model, the possibility of a tool that can be used to the
optimization of the control system of rotary kilns considering the actual
demand of the material in production, leading to the best energy performance
of the equipment's activation source, as well as reaching the temperatures
and processing time of the product. The numerical simulation results
revealed reasonable agreement with the experimentally determined calcination
process in rotary kilns. Furthermore, a parametric analysis of the influence
of the mixture on the temperature fields and the calcination time was
carried out to verify the energetic balance of the rotary kiln.
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