The prevalence of pulp stones increased with age and was significantly higher in molar teeth than premolars and incisors. There was no significant association between pulp stones and gender, systemic diseases, impacted third molars, condition of the crown and dental anomalies.

The most contributing factors leading to ARF in HELLP syndrome were abruptio placentae and HELLP syndrome complicated with ARF, particularly, oliguric ARF has relatively higher maternal complications and perinatal mortality.

Objective: Our purpose was to find out and compare perinatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by severe preeclampsia-eclampsia with and without HELLP syndrome. Methods: Clinical and laboratory findings, and perinatal-neonatal outcomes of all pregnants with severe preeclampsia, eclampsia and HELLP have been prospectively recorded. Results were compared by means of Student’s t test, χ² analysis and Fisher’s exact test as appropriate. Results: Among 367 consecutive severe preeclampsia, 106 (29%) had HELLP syndrome, 261 (71%) had severe preeclampsia and eclampsia. Mean gestational age and birth weight at delivery in severe preeclampsia without HELLP syndrome and in HELLP syndrome were 34.1 ± 6.1 vs. 33.0 ± 5.8 weeks (p = 0.119) and 1,886 ± 764 vs. 1,724 ± 776 g (p = 0.063), respectively. Comparing overall fetal mortality (4.6 vs. 10.3%, p = 0.009) and perinatal mortality (8.0% vs. 16.8%, p = 0.026) in severe preeclampsia-eclampsia and HELLP syndrome, respectively, there were statistically significant differences. But when analyses were performed according to gestational age before and after 32nd gestational week, the difference of perinatal mortality between the two groups was non-significant (p = 0.644 and p = 0.250), suggesting borderline difference. The most common contributing factor for fetal death after 32nd week was due to abruptio placenta without prenatal follow-up. Neonatal morbidity and neonatal mortality (4.8 vs. 6.3%, p = 0.905) in severe preeclampsia-eclampsia and HELLP syndrome respectively were similar and the difference was statistically nonsignificant. Conclusions: Perinatal mortality and neonatal morbidity-mortality according to gestational age before and after the 32nd week were similar in HELLP syndrome compared with severe preeclampsia-eclampsia without HELLP but overall fetal mortality was higher in HELLP syndrome with no regular prenatal care.

Objectives To determine the relative efficacy of panoramic radiomorphometric indices in detecting osteoporosis, and optimal thresholds for referral for osteoporosis investigation in edentulous patients. Methods Forty-nine edentulous patients, age 41-78 years, were divided into normal and osteopenic/osteoporotic groups according to femoral bone mineral density. Panoramic radiographs were obtained to determine the mandibular cortical index (C1, normal; C2, mild; and C3, severe erosion of mandibular cortex), mental index (cortical thickness in the mental foramen region), and panoramic mandibular index (ratio of thickness of the mandibular cortex to distance between the inferior margin of the mental foramen and the inferior mandibular cortex). Results were compared using a chi-squared test and Student's t-test. Results Categories C1 and C3 were more frequent in the normal and osteopenic/osteoporotic groups, respectively (p = 0.007). The mean mental index and panoramic mandibular index values were significantly lower in the osteopenic/osteoporotic group than in the normal group (p = 0.002 for mental index, p = 0.019 for panoramic mandibular index). The sensitivity and specificity were 71.4% for the mandibular cortical index. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve enabled moderately accurate identification of patients with osteoporosis using the mental index and less accurate identification using the panoramic mandibular index. Conclusions The mandibular cortical index and mental index are better than the panoramic mandibular index for identifying patients with osteoporosis. Within the limits of this study, edentulous male or female patients in category C3 with a mental index \3.5 mm should be referred for further osteoporosis investigation.

In this report, we describe 3 cases of pentalogy of Cantrell diagnosed prenatally with sonography. All 3 fetuses had an omphalocele and ectopia cordis; 2 of them also had craniorachischisis, in which the open cranial defect (anencephaly or exencephaly) is continuous with the completely open spine (spinal dysraphism). The association of the pentalogy of Cantrell with exencephaly is rare, and to our knowledge, the association of this syndrome with craniorachischisis has not been reported previously. In addition, 2 of our cases had clubfoot, and 1 of them also had clubhand, neither of which has been reported previously in association with the pentalogy of Cantrell. Finally, polyhydramnios, which occurred in 2 of our cases, has been reported to occur in association with that syndrome in only 1 previous case. We believe that sonographers should be aware that these anomalies may occur simultaneously with the classic anomalies of the pentalogy of Cantrell.