PurposeUsing three theoretical lenses − organismic integration theory (OIT), theory of values-belief-norm (VBN) and gender schema theory (GST) − this study aims to examine the effect of environmental factors (environmental attitude, environmental concerns, perceived environmental responsibility and peer influence) on consumers' intentions to purchase eco-friendly athletic wear.Design/methodology/approachA sample of n = 380 Pakistani consumers was used to test hypothesized relationships. Data were analyzed through the partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique using SmartPLS version 3.3.3.FindingsFindings suggest that environmental attitude, environmental concerns, perceived environmental responsibility and peer influence are positively associated with green purchase behavior. The moderating effects of individual green values were found statistically significant between peer influence and green purchase behavior. The data further revealed that the effect of environmental attitude, environmental concerns, peer influence and perceived environmental responsibility on green purchase behavior varies across the gender.Originality/valueThis research is one of the first attempts to explore the effect of environmental motivational factors on consumers' intentions to purchase eco-friendly athletic wear using theories of OIT, VBN and GST. This study employs advanced analytical methods to perform multi-group analysis and establish the predictive relevance of the model, using PLS-SEM in sports management and marketing context.

Academic Spin-off is receiving a growing attention in entrepreneurship research due to increase in the number of ventures coming out from academia working at universities. The role of triple helix is key among many factors that derive young researchers to establish new venture as an outcome of their research. Thus, there is a need to determine the factors that derive young researchers for venture creation in order to identify and understand the determinants of Academic Entrepreneurial Intention (AEI) and how they are influenced by different helices of Triple Helix Model (THM). This study used sample of 310 young academic researchers studying/working in different universities of Pakistan. The finding of this study highlighted that government and academia have significantly positive relationship with the academic entrepreneurial intentions of young researchers while industry has positive, but insignificant relationship. The findings of this study have implication for promoting academic spin-off from developed and developing countries context.

The emergence of opportunity is based on the intentions which are the result of people’s belief and the way of thinking. Entrepreneurial alertness is considered vital for identifying the opportunity which can have an impact on mindset for exploiting the opportunities. The objective of this study was to analyze the connection between opportunity identification and intentions formation through entrepreneurial alertness based on the theory of planned behavior. The data was collected from the 499 final year business students of nine universities from Sindh, Pakistan using cross-sectional survey. The results of this study revealed that entrepreneurial alertness has positive and significant effect on attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and entrepreneurial intentions. The findings of this study contributed to the theory of planned behavior by taking entrepreneurial alertness as a predictor of entrepreneurial intentions. The findings also have implication for increasing the supply of entrepreneurial capital into the society.

In recent times, the importance of green entrepreneurship in the socio-economic development, environmental management, and prosperity of underprivileged societies has widely been acknowledged by both academics and policymakers alike. Despite this importance, there is a lack of research on what the external and internal factors that support and foster the growth of green agricultural ventures are. This research aims to propose a framework suggesting factors that play a significant role in flourishment of green enterprises, with a focus on developing countries. Through an extensive review and in-depth analysis of the existing literature in the fields of green entrepreneurship and agriculture, we propose a conceptual framework highlighting the internal and external factors that, when strategically aligned, foster the growth of green agricultural enterprises.

This study investigates the postulated relationship between organizational culture and business performance in the banking sector in Pakistan. The necessity of the assessment of this relationship is driven on the basis of the past literature. For the present inquiry, using the survey method a total number of 265 questionnaires were received from middle managers in the big five banks in Pakistan. The population was drawn using stratified random sampling technique. The Smart-PLS 3.0 was used for data analysis due to its increasing popularity in presenting authentic calculations. The reporting of the results is based on Smart-PLS standards that is followed by two-step approach: first the assessment of reliability and validity is conducted using measurement model and secondly assessment of hypothesed relationship is done using structural model. This study underlines that organizational culture has significant relationship with business performance in the banking industry in Pakistan. In the last section the insights on future research are provided.