On the other hand, Yasemin Alptekin (2015) in "John Dewey's 1924 Report on Turkish Education: Progressive Education Translated out of Existence" makes editing the topic of her article. In editors' words, the scholar questions why "the emphasis on 'progressive' was ironically edited out and replaced by alternative phrasing or lexical terms" in "various translations" of John Dewey's English report on Turkish education (Tahir Gürçağlar, Paker, and Milton 2015a, 17; emphasis added). In the essay, this practice is classified as "a rewording in modern Turkish" of the 1987 version of the report (Alptekin 2015, 182; emphasis added). I explored possible reasons behind this theoretical difference in a previous research presented at the BAKEA 5th International Western Cultural and Literary Studies Symposium held on 5 October, 2017 in Sivas, Turkey. As a follow-up research, I would like to explore the limits and explanatory force of intralingual translation as a theoretical concept in this paper. In this regard, I hypothesize that revision can be analyzed as a translational activity with the tools of Translation Studies and propose that the manipulative nature of translating is also inherent in the case of scientific writings and observable in the application of theories. The unit of analysis is Yasemin Alptekin's said article. As a footnote to the title, Alptekin informs that the article in question is a "completely revised version of an earlier article that appeared in International Journal of Progressive Education 2 (2), 2006" and extends her gratitude to " illiam unter, aliha Paker, and Şehnaz Tahir Gürçağlar for their invaluable comments on various versions" of the paper (Alptekin 2015, 181; emphasis added). As per the research proposal, Alptekin's original article "Can Progressive Education Be Translated into a Progressive Idea?: Dewey's Report on Turkish Education (1924)" is taken as the source text and the revised version "John Dewey's 1924 Report on Turkish Education: Progressive Education Translated out of Existence" as the target text. For the research itself, three questions have been formulated: Firstly, what is admissible in this 'translation system'? Secondly, why was the article 'translated' into Translation Studies? Thirdly, how could theoretical perspectives of Translation Studies enrich researchers' understanding of neighboring phenomena? 1 At this stage, how the product is classified is not relevant for the theoretical framework
The purpose of this article is to lead a discussion regarding the nature of the retranslation concept. A growing body of literature on the subject attests to some challenges about how to connect various studies around the same concept. Outi Paloposki and Kaisa Koskinen (2010), for one, point out the problematic borders between various practices and underline the relevance of definitional and methodological considerations in retranslation research in their article entitled "Reprocessing Texts: The Fine Line between Retranslating and Revising." Advocating that retranslation discussions cannot abstain from how translation is approached as a concept in the first place as a further point, the current article refers back to the definitional leg of Translation Studies research. Similar problems were deemed "unproductive" (9) by Theo Hermans (1985) in "Translation Studies and a New Paradigm" in favor of a "goal-directed" approach ( 14) in the past. It is reiterated here that essentialist positions need to be sidestepped to gain new results with translational practices and theoretical underpinnings of concepts recognized for possible connections between different studies. For a possible progress in research, Gideon Toury's (1980) working definition for translation has been critically interpreted for retranslation. By proposing "assumed retranslation," the article believes that the retranslation concept will be operationalized with a focus concentrated on circumstances of retranslation practices, and accumulating data sharing the same conceptual terrain will help understand nature, reasons and consequences of retranslation products better.
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