Industrial heritage is linked to the cultural processes that human society sets through the traces from the past. The conservation and dissemination of this industrial–cultural heritage are crucial for sustainable urban development, and positively influences the transition to resilient and sustainable cities. The wine industry around Montilla has suffered as a result of a sharp reduction of the vineyard area in the last 25 years. Wineries, as one of the historic typologies of wine-making facilities in the Montilla-Moriles Protected Designation of Origin (PDO), as well as their materials and construction techniques, are a reference in the agricultural landscape of Montilla. Many historic wineries are the result of the abandonment and cessation of the wine industry. These buildings are linked to the agrarian activity in this area, mostly wine-making, although in some cases, they coexist with similar production processes, such as milling the fruit of the olive grove. This research characterises and analyses four historic wineries in the Montilla-Moriles PDO, which represent an example of architecture in the wine-making transformation during the 19th–20th centuries. This manuscript contributes to the attainment of some objectives set in one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), protecting and disseminating the industrial cultural heritage in Montilla-Moriles.
ResumenA pesar de que los estudios iconográficos son considerados una herramienta importante para el conocimiento del pasado, existen escasas alusiones en relación con el vidrio romano de ventana en las publicaciones referentes a esta temática. En este artículo, en el cual se procede al análisis de imágenes en relieves, mosaicos y pinturas murales, se demuestra cómo las representaciones de vidrio de ventana de época romana son más frecuentes de lo expuesto hasta el momento. Los datos arrojados por este análisis han proporcionado una importante información sobre la cronología, el uso y la instalación de este tipo de material, permitiendo indagar más sobre un objeto poco conocido entre los investigadores y que ha sido considerado como una de las grandes aplicaciones de este material durante el periodo romano.Palabras clave. Vidrio romano de ventana; vidrio romano; arte romano; arquitectura romana; iconografía. AbstractDespite the fact that iconographic studies are recognized as an important tool for understanding antiquity, there are few references of Roman window glass among scholars in this field. This paper, which analyses images in reliefs, mosaics and wall paintings, shows how representations of window glass are more common than hitherto argued. The data from these analyses provides important information about the chronology, use and availability of this type of material, adding to the small body of knowledge regarding an object little understood in scholarly circles, even though windows are believed to be one of the most widespread applications of glass in the Roman era.
Resumen:La línea de investigación que presentamos en esta publicación surge de la ausencia de estudios sobre el vidrio y su aplicación como cierre de vanos en la arquitectura romana de la Bética. Siguiendo las últimas investigaciones realizadas sobre vidrio en la Antigüedad, nuestro trabajo contempla la importancia de aunar los datos arqueológicos con los aportados por el estudio arqueométrico de los materiales. El estudio de un relevante conjunto de fragmentos de vidrio plano documentados en la villa de Ronda del Marrubial (Córdoba, España) ha permitido la elaboración de una metodología de trabajo aplicable a otros ejemplos que hemos identificado en diversos yacimientos de la Bética. Los datos obtenidos permitirán elaborar conclusiones sobre los contextos a los que se asocian, su producción y comercio en el periodo romano en esta área geográfica. Palabras clave: Vidrio romano; vidrio de ventana; Bética; Córdoba; Ronda del Marrubial. Abstract:The line of research that we present in this paper arises due to the lack of studies concerning the glass and its application as closing openings in Roman architecture of Hispania Baetica. Following latest researches about ancient glass, our study highlights the importance between archaeological and archaeometric studies. Our work commences with a relevant group of flat glass fragments documented in the villa of Ronda del Marrubial (Cordoba, Spain). This example will be the model study applied to other examples we have identified in several archaeological sites in Hispania Baetica. The answers will allow to draw conclusions about the contexts to which they are associated, their production and trade in this province in Roman period.
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