Background: As a result of the road traffic accidents 1.25 mln. of working-age people die each year on the roads. Frequency of the RTA is 11 times higher in our country than in Europe, that influence on demographic and economic situation in the republic. Creation of the math modeling and prediction of traffic mortality rate in Kazakhstan will allow to develop measure on its decrease. Methods: Short-term dotted prediction of population mortality level of Kazakhstan was used, in particular – methods of regressive analysis. General prognosis throughout the country up to 2021 was made on the basis of data for 1999-2018. The more relevant method for prediction is exponential function taking into account the features of mortality rate level trend. Results: Prediction of traffic fatalities without division into the age-related groups for 2019 is 2132±181 case with a probability 2/3. Expected levels for 2020-2027 cases, for 2021-1927 cases. Annual mortality decrease rate according to the 0-19 age-related at an average is 6.4% among men and 5.8% among women, according to age group as a whole – by 6.2%; from 20 up to 64 age related group – 5.1 % on all population category; older 65 age –group is by 2.2 %, 3.7 % among men, 2.9% among women as a whole. Conclusion: In the foreseeable future the number of traffic deaths in Kazakhstan will tend to decrease at a slower pace. Mortality rates due to road traffic accidents among working-age men will be 3 times higher than women in this age group.
Injury prevention is one of the most important issues facing governmental public health programs today. Injuries lead to premature mortality and disability of the population, decrease quality of life, and damage community property. Data demonstrate that 54.1% of domestic (household related) and traffic injuries among the elderly were caused by a general lowering of attention and inadequate caution associated with increased age. This shows the necessity for the development of injury-prevention programs targeting the elderly. Currently, several different types of institutions working in areas such as public health, promotion of healthy lifestyles, social and clinical medicine are engaged in a period of detailed study of the injury status and discussion of strategies to implement injury prevention programs among the elderly. These programs must be oriented toward both the creation of safe injury-free environments and to actively engage the elderly to increase overall physical fitness to increase self-injury protection.
The article is devoted to the prevention of mycotoxicosis in poultry farming as one of the main components of effective management of the industry. Despite the step-by-step control, the synergy of mycotoxins has a detrimental effect on the bird's body, especially at the final stage of fattening. Growth inhibition, as well as sudden death syndrome, reduce the economic impact. We tested and proposed for introduction into production the organic sorbent "Toxfin dry", which contributed to improving the sanitary quality of feed and reduced the level of mycotoxins-by 46.3-85.3%. We obtained a positive effect of the use of the mycotoxin adsorbent when introduced into the diets of broiler chickens. The experimental bird was fed mixed feed of various quality. The best productive qualities were possessed by broilers from the 3rd experimental group, where in addition to the mixed feed seeded with mycotoxins, for the prevention purpose, the mycotoxin adsorbent "Toxfin dry"was set. During the experimental work, the bird of the 3rd group was stress-resistant, calmly reacted to the work of the poultry house, timely approached the feeders and drinkers. The live weight at the slaughter age exceeded the results of the analogues by 2.1-6.8%. Feed costs for the production of a unit of production, in comparison with poultry from the 2nd group, decreased by 5.1%. The studies conducted with the help of the test object Tetrahymena Piriformis showed that the relative biological value of the experimental meat samples of the 3rd group was higher than the control indicators -by 1.2%. The introduction of the mycotoxin adsorbent "Toxfin dry" with mixed feed, for preventive purposes, contributed to an increase in the average live weight of broilers -by 4.2%, safety-by 2.8 percentage points and a decrease in feed consumption-by 13.9%. The European Broiler meat Production Efficiency Index increased by 59.6 points. The economic effect of using the mycotoxin adsorbent was 15.4 rubles per 1 ruble of costs. Taking into account the technologies used for raising poultry, as well as the livestock located in the poultry house, the economic effect can increase proportionally. The introduction of mycotoxin adsorbents into the diets of broiler chickens for preventive purposes is a necessary condition for the prevention of mycotoxicosis and, consequently, a guaranteed increase in the profitability of production.
Background Constantly growing needs and challenges for the healthcare sector lead to the development of new technologies and new approaches to health promotion, which, in turn, leads to the emergence of new needs of new professions (NPs) and new competencies (NCs). Accordingly, timely forecasting of NPs and NCs of health workers (HWs) is of high relevance, since it is necessary to create conditions for the timely training of HWs with NPs and NCs Methods At the first stage, we carried out an analysis of technological trends and challenges in modern healthcare to identify potential NPs and NCs of HWs that may be required in the future. Then, the selection of the most demanded NPs and NCs was carried out on the basis of a study of a 2-round Delphi study - 196 experts selected according to the principle of “Side of the World” - from 5 organizations in 5 regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan (north, south, west, east, center). Then we made prioritization of NPs and NCs, which will be in demand in the next 10 years for the health system. Results Based on our research, a list of the following NPs was determined: IT specialist in medicine, bioethics, telemedicine physician, molecular nutritionist, clinical bioinformatics, consultant for healthy old age, expert in personalized medicine, engineer for organs and tissues, life style strategist, operator of medical robots, ergotherapist, kinesiotherapist, biopharmacologist, medical journalist, architect of medical equipment, developer of cyber prosthetics and implants. A list of NCs that will be in demand in the coming years for HWs was also determined: competencies in the fields of personalized and preventive medicine, robotic medicine, IT technology, logistics of health services, biotechnology, nanomedicine, online counseling. Conclusions The results of our study indicate the need to consolidate selected professions in the sectoral qualifications system, as well as the need to launch training programs for these NPs and NCs. Key messages An analysis of technological trends in the healthcare system and Delphi research allowed us to formulate a list of NPs and NCs. It is necessary to create a system of support and promotion of NPs and NCs to improve the quality of health services.
Роль врача в современном мире Главным составляющим уровня благосостояния любого государства является физическое и социальное благополучие людей, которые живут в нем, и это безусловный факт. По большому счету все материальное богатство государства ничто без конкурентоспособного человеческого капитала и первый всегда создается вторым. Какова роль медицины в развитии государства? Что, из себя, представляет медицина 21 века? В настоящее время проводится много дискуссий на эту тему, но уже сегодня ясно абсолютно всем, что отношение к медицине как расходной части бюджета-это пережиток 20 века и нельзя игнорировать роль медицины в развитии потенциала государства. И, исходя из этого, надо полагать, что без хорошей медицины вряд ли возможно достичь надлежащего уровня социального благополучия. Этим и объясняется выделение медицины в один из главных приоритетов развития государства в международной шкале оценки конкурентоспособности страны. Достижения в области медицины наиболее ярко отражают уровень развития науки любой страны и поэтому успех в лечении того или иного заболевания становится предметом повышенного интереса мирового сообщества и не сравнить интерес людей к новым методам лечения рака с решением какойнибудь трудной математической формулы. 21 век начался с бурного развития информационных технологий и этот фактор коренным образом поменял жизнь человека, сделав ее более комфортным. Интернет и цифровые технологии прочно вошли в повседневную жизнь человека и уже трудно представить человеческий быт без информационных и цифровых технологий. Параллельно с этим кардинально изменился облик мира, существовавшие долгие годы стены рухнули, глобализация сделала планету открытой и доступной для каждого. В этих условиях начало формироваться совершенно новое общество, свободное от запретов и тотальной цензуры. Открытость границ позволила видеть проблемы внутри страны путем простого визуального сравнения нашей системы с любой системой мира. Многие виды отношений между людьми коренным образом трансформировались и глубоко упростились. В медицине развитие коммуникативных технологий происходит весьма медленно, поскольку по своей сути отрасль является консервативной. Исторически в отношениях между врачом и пациентом врач всегда занимал главенствующее положение и на идеализацию его профессии и статуса работали все общественные институты. Любая информация по медицине, заслуживающая доверия, доводилась только до врача чрез специальную литературу, а для населения была доступна лишь информация, упрощенная в виде напоминаний или предупреждений. Нынешние условия заставляют менять этот стереотип. Фундаментальные основы медицины нуждаются в адаптации к новым быстроменяющимся обстоятельствам. Медицина меняет свою форму отношений с пациентом и все более тесно ориентируется на его нужды. Это мировой тренд. В условиях высокой образованности общества пациенты получают информацию со всех источников через Интернет и порой более информированы, чем некоторые специалисты. Поэтому профессия врача уже немыслима без постоянного самосовершенствования. Постоя...
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