This chapter descnbes the development of an improved sub-catchment runoff modeling technique for urban catchments to help overcome problems of parameter scaling and process lumping inherent in many existing schemes. The development is based on five years of detailed monitoring of a typical urban catchment in Canberra, Australia utilising nested rainfall and flow gauges to characterise the accumulation of runoff throughout the catchment during a wide range of storm events. The gauging network provided data to interpret lot scaled process units and their accumulation throughout the 90 hectare (ha) catchment. The detailed rainfall/runoff data led to a modified modeling approach that incorporated lot scaled process definition and the means to cumulate these to any size catchment. Independent testing of the procedure was carried out on a separate catchment in Sydney. The approach also provided the means to further test different lot scale drainage provisions and their effect at different catchment scales.
This chapter explores the possibilities of utilizing dynamic on-line documentation to assist with total catchment planning, which has recently become mandatory both in North America and Australia. The need to plan for improved drainage management for existing and increasing urbanisation, and to improve >vaterway environments has led to increasing pressures from government agencies through recent environmental legislation. Since the early 1970s many numerical approaches have been utilized to model urbanising catchments and control structures to contain and manipulate storm drainage and its pollutants. Programs including the US EPA's Storm water Management Model (SWMM) have been widely applied as primary tools to help researchers and engineers to understand and size required BMPs, channels, pipes and storage structures.
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