Milk, an essential source of offspring nourishment, varies in it's composition and properties significantly across species. In human nutrition, fresh milk and dairy products are valuable sources of protein, fat and energy, and are an important part of daily meals. Most of the world's milk production (85 %) comes from cows followed by buffaloes, goats, ewes, mares and donkeys. However milk related food allergies in infants may be a reason for health problems and may cause a decrease in milk. The objective of this paper was to give an overview of the overall composition of milk and fat from different species in comparison to women milk. Regarding the overall milk composition remarkable differences in energy content, fat, lactose, protein and ash of the various milks were found, but also some similarities among milk from ruminants and non-ruminants were detected. The structures of fat globule membranes were similar among non-ruminants and women milk, while the milk fat globule structure in ruminants differed significantly. The size of fat globules was significantly different between species and highly correlated to the milk fat content, regardless of the specie. The amount of triacylglycerols was notably higher, while the amount of free fatty acids and phospholipids was notably lower in milk from ruminants and women compared to milk from mares and donkeys. The triacylglycerol structure in women and non-ruminantsˈ was similar. The percentage of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids was lower, while the unsaturated fatty acid content was higher in milk from non-ruminants, with a remarkably higher percentage of C-18:2 and C-18:3. The cholesterol content was similar in women and ruminantsˈ milk, but lower in that of non-ruminants. This review indicates that milk from non-ruminants could be more suitable for human nourishment than milk from ruminants.

Štefanić E., Kovačević V., Antunović S., Japundžić-Palenkić B., Zima D., Turalija A., Nestorović N.: Floristic biodiversity of weed communities in arable lands of Istria peninsula (from 2005 to 2017). This paper analyses the floristic biodiversity of weed communities in the arable lands of the Istrian peninsula during a twelve year period (2005−2017). A total of 50 fields were surveyed for each sampling time using the seven-degree Braun-Blanquet cover abundance scale in the following agricultural categories: a) permanent crops (vineyards/olive groves), b) alfalfa fields, c) cereals, d) row crops and e) ruderal areas. The taxonomic identification was performed during the full development of vegetation, for cereals in June and July, and for the rest -in August and September. A total of 175 weed species were determined during both study periods with Asteraceae and Poaceae families as the most abundant. Altogether, therophytes were dominant in both surveys, followed by hemycryptophytes and geophytes. Variations in species composition were visible in both study periods (2005 and 2017) as well as in the selected habitat types. Exclusive species were found in addition to those that were common for both surveys. Changes in species composition between 2005 and 2017 referred to the difference in row spacing in earlier period, and ruderal vs. agricultural habitats in the recent survey. The differences in phenological traits between the past and present surveys were greatest for germination season in permanent crops and row crops, flowering start for permanent crops, flowering period for ruderal area and weed height for permanent crops. Significant differences between the past and present survey for other plant traits did not occur.

The aim is to determine possibility of developing eco-agrotourism on the Korčula Island. Due to growing diversification within agriculture and tourism, the combination of organic agriculture and ecotourism gives a new product-eco-agrotourism, which is increasingly recognized in the world tourism. Eco-agrotourism at the highest level combines the sustainability of both activities. In addition to the mentioned it supports and protects the diversity of ecosystems, the preservation of natural landscapes; promotes biodiversity, preserves rural architecture and cultural content, encourages the promotion and sale of ecological products as well as the synergy of the economy with the environment and the growth and development of local tourism. Eco-agrotourism is an opportunity for employment of the domicile population especially young people. This is particularly pronounced in less favored areas, such as islands. The results showed that the agrotourism farm owners have the ecological awareness about the importance of nature, authenticity and origin of products through organic agriculture, which is connected with the tradition and culture of the islands, and creates a strong interaction unified in eco-agrotourism. Also, the island of Korčula has basic preconditions for the development of agrotourism, in particular eco-tourism, such as: favorable climatic and geographical conditions, attractive landscapes, specific flora and fauna, tradition of agricultural production, availability of "healthier" and quality food, but also wealth of cultural goods, way of life, various events, dialects, folklore and gastronomy.Keywords: agrotourism, eco-agrotourism, Korčula Island, organic agriculture SažetakCilj rada je utvrditi mogućnost razvoja ekoagroturizma na otoku Korčuli. Zbog sve veće diversifikacije unutar poljoprivredne djelatnosti i turizma, kombinacija ekološke poljoprivrede i ekoturizma daje jedan novi proizvod -"ekoagroturizam" koji je sve više prepoznat u svjetskom turizmu. Ekoagroturizam na najvišem stupnju objedinjuje održivost obiju djelatnosti. Osim navedenog potpomaže i zaštitu raznolikosti ekosustava, očuvanje prirodnog krajobraza, potiče bioraznolikost, zaštitu ruralne arhitekture, čuva kulturne sadržaje, potiče promociju i prodaju ekoloških proizvoda kao i sinergiju gospodarstva s okolišem, te rastom i razvojem lokalnog turizma. Ekoagroturizam je i prilika za zapošljavanje domicilnog stanovništva posebno mladih. Ovo je posebice naglašeno u područjima s otežanim uvjetima gospodarenja kao što su otoci. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da vlasnici agroturističkih gospodarstava posjeduju ekološku osviještenost o važnosti očuvanja prirode, autentičnosti i izvornosti proizvoda kroz ekološku poljoprivrednu proizvodnju, što spojeno s tradicijom i kulturom otočja stvara snažnu interakciju objedinjenu u ekoagroturizmu. Također, otok Korčula ima temeljne pretpostavke za razvoj agroturizma, posebice ekoagroturizma kao što su: povoljni klimatski i geografski uvjeti, privlačni krajobrazi, specifična flora i fauna, trad...

Naglom urbanizacijom, izgradnjom i razvojem poljoprivrede, stanište mnogih biljnih vrsta je smanjeno. Unutar antropogeniziranih travnjaka za koje mnogi žele da izgledaju zeleno i homogeno, obično nalazimo različite travne ili travno-djetelinske smjese koje, ako nisu pravilno održavane, ubrzo prerastaju u partere bogate biljnim vrstama koje u određenim oblicima pojavnosti mogu sačuvati bioraznolikost, no isto tako mogu postati i plodan medij za razvoj invazivnih biljnih vrsta. Unutar ovog rada inventarizirano je ukupno 68 biljnih vrsta koje pripadaju u 22 porodice. Među njima je 5 invazivnih: Amaranthus retroflexus, Erigeron annuus, Conyza canadensis, Veronica persica i Phytolacca americana. Također, zbog dužeg razdoblja suše neke vrste zauzimaju prostor primarno dominantnim vrstama trava, te su travnjaci i parteri zelenih površina puni korovnih vrsta, što u očuvanju bioraznolikosti može biti korisno, ali i vrlo opasno, ako se neke od njih prošire i počinju predstavljati ugrozu.

A fruit tree has always been a determinant of an ornamental garden shaping in Croatia. From the 13th century onward an organized planting of fruit trees has been recorded. A total of 100 gardens in Istria have been analysed, 50 of which were examined in the Istria interior, and 50 in the coastal area. Due to the shape and architectural style, 8 different types of gardens were determined and classified, by the location, into three climatic-relief areas A, B and C. There were 7 types of ornamental gardens with a fruit tree as a primary determinant of the garden, except one without it. Out of the 23 recorded fruit tree species, Prunus avium (L.) L., sweet cherry, Ficus carica L., fig tree, Vitis vinifera L. vine and Olea europeaea L., olive tree and vine have been the most commonly used in the Istria interior whereas olive trees, Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl., Japanese loquat, fig trees and vine have been known in the Istria coast.