Self-regulation has been shown to be positively associated with school performance. Additionally, interrelations between self-regulation, working memory (WM), and achievement goals, in particular learning goals, have been established, as well as their associations with academic outcomes. It stands to reason that self-regulation, WM, and achievement goals are related on a day-to-day level, with implications for daily and long-term academic success. However, previous research largely considered between-person differences. Here, we therefore addressed the relations of daily self-regulation, WM, and achievement goals, and their relevance for daily and long-term academic success. Data were obtained through smartphone-based ambulatory assessments of 108 students (Mage=10.12, SDage=0.45) across 20 school days. Students reported about daily achievement goals prior to, daily self-regulation at, and daily academic success after school. Additionally, they informed about their report card grades at the end of the school year. Daily WM was assessed through two updating tasks at school. Results showed positive associations between daily learning goals (but neither performance-approach nor performance-avoidance goals), daily self-regulation, and WM. Together, daily learning goals and self-regulation uniquely contributed to daily academic success, while WM, performance-approach, and performance-avoidance goals did not. Average levels of WM, but neither achievement goals, nor self-regulation predicted report card grades. Results thus corroborate theoretical considerations on the importance of distinguishing self-regulation processes on between- and within-person levels. Further theoretical and practical implications are discussed.