In this study, Al 2 O 3 /Pd(NO 3) 2 /zeolite composite films have been fabricated by roll coating method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The gas adsorption was tested in an experimental setup by a continuous gas analyzer KIMO KIGAZ 210 at constant temperature and pressure (32 °C and 1.5 bar) and as a function of reaction time (s). The inlet CO gas concentration was 150 mg L −1 , and the saturation level of CO gas concentration was 5 mg L −1. The maximum adsorption capacity (q max) and maximum adsorption efficiency (%) were calculated as 111.16 mg g −1 and 97%, respectively. Pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion models were investigated to kinetic study of CO adsorption on Al 2 O 3 /Pd(NO 3) 2 /zeolite adsorbents. Results indicated that CO adsorption follows the pseudo-second-order model well according to regression coefficient value (R 2 = 0.98), and the value of pseudo-second-order rate constant of adsorption was obtained as 2 × 10 −5 g mg −1 s −1. According to the intra-particle diffusion model, adsorption is affected by only one process. So, adsorption of CO by Al 2 O 3 /Pd(NO 3) 2 /zeolite adsorbent indicated an effective adsorption by obtained results.
The aim of this article was the fabrication of Al2O3/Pd(NO3)2/zeolite adsorbent through roll-coating technique for CO gas adsorption. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were performed to investigate the morphological, structural, and elemental properties of Al2O3/Pd(NO3)2/zeolite adsorbent. A continuous gas analyzer KIMO KIGAZ 210 was applied for testing CO gas adsorption on as-present adsorbent in an experimental set-up. The calculated amounts of adsorption capacity at equilibrium time was 111.16 mg g-1 according to the previous published article. The Elovich, Avrami, and Fractional power kinetic models were studied for this adsorbent. The equal value of experimental and theoretical adsorption capacity at equilibrium time as well as the unit value of regression coefficient indicate that Avrami kinetic model was a suitable model to describe Co removal through Al2O3/Pd(NO3)2/zeolite adsorbent.
In this study, 350 vehicles in 20 different models were examined in one of Tehran’s Automobile Technical Inspection Centers. The laboratory tests indicate that longtime exposure to benzene has destructive effects on the blood cells, especially the bone-marrow cells. The concentration levels of benzene caused by the emission of gasoline vapors from fuel tanks doors were measured by PhoCheck EX5000 during a 5 to 15-minute interval for each car. The results indicate that the concentration of benzene caused by the emission of gasoline vapors from the fuel tanks door of the domestic cars was 10 times higher than the imported cars. In most of the imported cars, the amount of benzene in the three measured areas was negligible. This is due to the use of new technology and adaptation of strict environmental standards by the manufacturing country.
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