Aim The present study aimed to compare the effects of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidelines on the lipid profiles of patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods In a 12‐week clinical trial, 80 patients with type 2 diabetes aged 18–65 years were randomly allocated into the case (n = 40) and control (n = 40) groups. The case group received the DASH diet and the control group consumed a dietary pattern in accordance with the ADA guidelines. Fasting blood samples were measured for triglyceride (TG), low‐density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), high‐density lipoprotein (HDL), very low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL) and free fatty acid (FFA). Moreover, physical activity and 24‐hour dietary recall (24 hours) were assessed at baseline and end of the study. Results The DASH diet and diabetic diet (in accordance with the ADA guidelines) for 12 weeks significantly decreased TG, TC and VLDL (P < 0.05). FFA showed a significant decrease in both the groups, which was greater in the cases compared with the control group (P = 0.049). Conclusions Compliance with any DASH or diabetic diet for 12 weeks in patients with type 2 diabetes had beneficial effects on cardiometabolic risks.

Flaxseed is one of the rich sources of α-linolenic acid and lignan. Flaxseed and its components have antioxidant, hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effects. The study aimed to investigate the effect of flaxseed enriched yogurt on glycemic control, lipid profiles and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes. A randomized, open-labeled, controlled clinical trial was conducted on 57 patients with type 2 diabetes. Participants were assigned to receive 200 g 2.5% fat yogurt containing 30-g flaxseed or plain yogurt daily for 8 weeks. Anthropometrics and biochemical parameters were evaluated at the beginning and end of the study. After 8 weeks of supplementation, Hemoglobin A1c was significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to control (p = 0.007). Also, at the end of the study, significant differences were seen between the flaxseed enriched yogurt and control groups in triglycerides and total cholesterol concentrations (p = 0.04 and p = 0.01), systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.02 and p = 0.002, respectively). However, we did not find any difference between 2 groups in low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, body weight and waist circumference (p > 0.05). Our results showed that the addition of flaxseed to yogurt can be effective in the management of type 2 diabetes.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02436369