The selection was conducted by stratified probability cluster sampling through household family members in Iran. Weight, height, and waist circumference (WC) of 89,404 men and women 15 to 65 years of age (mean, 39.2 years) were measured. The criteria for underweight, normal-weight, overweight, and Class I, II, and III obesity were BMI Ͻ18.5, 18.5 to 24.9, 25 to 29.9, 30 to 34.9, 35 to 39.9, and Ն40 (kg/m 2 ), respectively. Abdominal obesity was defined as WC Ն102 cm in men and Ն88 cm in women. Results: The age-adjusted means for BMI and WC were 24.6 kg/m 2 in men and 26.5 kg/m 2 in women and 86.6 cm in men and 89.6 cm in women, respectively. The ageadjusted prevalence of overweight or obesity (BMI Ն25) was 42.8% in men and 57.0% in women; 11.1% of men and 25.2% of women were obese (BMI Ն30), while 6.3% of men and 5.2% of women were underweight. Age, low physical activity, low educational attainment, marriage, and residence in urban areas were strongly associated with obesity. Abdominal obesity was more common among women than men (54.5% vs. 12.9%) and greater with older age. Discussion: Excess body weight appears to be common in Iran. More women than men present with overweight and abdominal obesity. Prevention and treatment strategies are urgently needed to address the health burden of obesity.

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Pre-HTN and HTN appear to be quiet common in Iran and were associated with obesity. More men than women present with Pre-HTN, whereas more women than men present with HTN. Prevention and treatment strategies are urgently needed to address the health burden of Pre-HTN and HTN and to prevent prehypertensive people from developing HTN and cardiovascular disease.

SUMMARY:We report on a patient who, after a symptom-free interval, developed severe vision impairment and whose MR imaging demonstrated extensive edema in the central nervous tissue neighboring the treated aneurysm. To our knowledge, this is an unreported complication of endovascular treatment of aneurysms.

IntroductionAnesthesia induction is a stressful event for children and their parents, and may have potentially harmful consequences on the patient’s physiological and mental situation. Stressful anesthesia induction has psychological adverse effects that recur with repeated anesthesia, can lead to increased pediatric discomfort during the recovery period, and may even induce reactionary postoperative behavior. A randomized controlled trial was performed to assess the impact of parental presence during induction of anesthesia (PPIA) on preoperative anxiety of pediatric patients and their parents at three different times, cooperation of child with anesthesiologist at induction of anesthesia, and parental satisfaction.Patients and methodsA total of 96 pediatric patients undergoing elective minor surgery (ASA 1–2) were randomly divided into two groups. Both groups received oral midazolam (0.5 mg/kg) at least 20 minutes before surgery, but in the PPIA group, the parents were also present in the operating room until loss of consciousness of child at anesthesia induction. Anxiety in the patients (as measured by the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale [mYPAS]) and parents (as measured by the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory [STAI]), the Induction Compliance Checklist (ICC), and parental satisfaction (as measured by visual analog scale) were assessed.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the mean anxiety scores (mYPAS) of participants in the control and PPIA groups at ward T0 and upon arrival to operating room T1 (P>0.05). However, between the PPIA and control groups, mean mYPAS score was different at the time of induction of anesthesia T2 (35.5±16.6 vs 59.8±22.4; P<0.001). The ICC scores showed that perfect score was significantly different in the PPIA and control groups (66.6% vs 6.3%; P<0.01). The STAI scores of the parents in the two groups did not differ in T0, T1, and T2. The mean parental satisfaction score was higher in the PPIA group than in the control group (7.6±7.0 vs 5.8±6.1; P<0.01).ConclusionPPIA may reduce preoperative state anxiety of pediatric patients and improve quality of anesthesia induction based on ICC scores and higher parental satisfaction, but it does not impact on parental state anxiety.