Trauma incidence analysis in skeletal populations has been very popular among skeletal biologists during the last two decades. In this context, the work of Lovejoy and Heiple ([1981] Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 55:529-541) has been quoted as a landmark because their analysis rested on a populational approach, avoiding simple assumptions about cause and etiology. In this study, we apply to the prehistoric population of San Pedro de Atacama, northern Chile, an approach similar to that carried out by Lovejoy and Heiple (1981). The results obtained point to a peak of risk of fractures among old people, estimated age around 45 years. The distribution of fractures by sex and age suggests that the prevailing etiology is related to accidents and not violence. When the frequencies of fractures are compared, the Libben population shows a much higher incidence than the Atacamenean population. It is suggested that this difference can be explained by peculiarities of the subsistence economies of the two populations.

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Trauma incidence analysis in skeletal populations has been very popular among skeletal biologists during the last two decades. In this context, the work of Lovejoy and Heiple ([1981] Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 55:529-541) has been quoted as a landmark because their analysis rested on a populational approach, avoiding simple assumptions about cause and etiology. In this study, we apply to the prehistoric population of San Pedro de Atacama, northern Chile, an approach similar to that carried out by Lovejoy and Heiple (1981). The results obtained point to a peak of risk of fractures among old people, estimated age around 45 years. The distribution of fractures by sex and age suggests that the prevailing etiology is related to accidents and not violence. When the frequencies of fractures are compared, the Libben population shows a much higher incidence than the Atacamenean population. It is suggested that this difference can be explained by peculiarities of the subsistence economies of the two populations.

As propriedades mecânicas do cimento Portland estão intrinsecamente relacionadas à composição química do clínquer, em especial à concentração de silicato tricálcico 3CaO.SiO2, ou C3S. No processo produtivo industrial, o clínquer deve ser resfriado rapidamente, para evitar a decomposição do silicato tricálcico em silicato dicálcico e cal. Esse trabalho estuda a cinética de decomposição térmica do C3S puro. A decomposição do C3S puro em resfriamento contínuo apresentou uma velocidade mais elevada do que a tradicionalmente aceita na literatura.
The mechanical properties of Portland cement are closely related to the chemical composition of the clinker, and particularly to the concentration of tricalcium silicate, 3CaO.SiO2, or C3S. In the industrial production process, the clinker must be rapidly quenched, to avoid its decomposition into dicalcium silicate and lime. This work studies the kinetics of thermal decomposition of pure C3S. The continuous cooling transformation of pure C3S showed a decomposition rate higher than the values traditionally accepted in the literature

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