The article proposes a model of the process of ignition and combustion of fine water-coal fuel (FWCF) in a cyclone primary furnace. The model is intended to form an engineering approach to calculating the composition and quantity of combustion products of the FWCF and the definition of the structural and layout characteristics of the actual cyclone primary furnace. Approximation of process modeling is determined by the following assumptions: the quasistationarity of the processes; the constancy of heat capacities and heat transfer coefficients at an average process temperature; isothermal fuel particles; representation of fuel particles in the form of a water-coal drop of a given size; inertness of ash components; record keeping of the determining chemical reactions of interaction with the oxidizing agent; one-dimensional flow. This approach allows to carry out an analytical analysis of the process and to obtain final expressions suitable for engineering calculations.
The increase of the fuel usage efficiency by application of new coal technologies, modern automation and control meanings were considered in the paper. The results of comprehensive researches of promising coal technology efficiency are given. It is shown that their efficiency is 1,15-1,7 times higher than conventional coal unit one. The parameters deviation influences on fuel overexpenditure at unsteady state were researched. It provides exact cause-and-effect relation between automation means and fuel expenditure of thermal power plant. Unit operation on boiler stored energy at emergency is researched. It is shown that the automation reduces significantly recovery time of unit normal load thereby it reduce the damage caused by emergency. Besides there were shown the effect of power generating equipment on environment, social infrastructure and health care. There are given reasonable ratio between infrastructure and health care costs that occur in a big city where thermal power plant was installed.
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