The objective of this study was to investigate the current research practices and existing progress research published on supply chain management and supply chain integration in an attempt to provide a research agenda for future investigations. Mainly the secondary data analysis and methods employed for the investigations. Particularly a systematic literature review analysis from 115 papers published from 16 important journals in the supply chain, logistics, Industrial management & data systems, supply chain management: an international journal and operations management during the period 1997 to 2018 was employed. This paper has identified relevant supply chain integration research studies that have contributed to the development and growth of manufacturing industries performance and competitiveness to the SCI and SCM fields. The analysis of the relevant articles gaps and miss-concepts in the previous literature provides to reduce universality and insufficient ordinary view, confusion of supply chain integrations were investigated. The gaps and investigations were done based on their methodological porches, objectives, analysis and research finding. Mainly the gaps, miss concepts and challenges concepts in the previous literature were identified and grouped in
Abstract:Welding cast iron is used in ships, bridges, pressure vessels, industrial machinery, automobile, rolling stock and many other fields. Problems associated with welding are common issues in these fields. A Study was conducted to investigate Weldability of grey cast iron, as grey cast iron contains graphite in flake form, carbon can readily be introduced into the weld pool, causing weld metal embrittlement and Grey cast iron welds are subject to the formation of porosity and the cold cracking susceptibility of welds. When we observed that gray cast iron is welded non uniform heating and cooling in weld metal and in base metal generates harder Heat Affected Zone (HAZ), cold crack susceptibility and residual stress in weldement. Different methods investigate experimentally to minimize above difficulties. Those methods for reducing the effects of above problems were, minimize base metal dilution, compensate for shrinkage stresses, and the use of low strength filler metals to reduce cracking without sacrificing overall joint strength. Main while the beast type of arc welding electrodes for welding of grey cast iron are nickel and nickel-iron types have been used with or without preheating and / or post weld heat treatment. At the same time Cast iron and steel electrodes must be used with high preheats (530°C) to prevent cracking and the formation of hard deposits. The other mechanisms to improve Weldability of gray cast iron are Pre heating and/or Post heating of the base metal was experimentally employed and investigated.
Abstract:This study describes the problems of solid waste generation in small and medium scale enterprise. The analysis was conducted in Meserte Gabi metal and machine work enterprises using purposive sampling method with 16 sample sizes of this enterprise employer. Filed observation, unstructured interview, and questioners were instruments that use pre and post assessment tools for problems of solid waste management. The study explores the existing situation of the enterprises about solid waste management. The result shows that Solid waste issues were the major problems of Meserte Gabi metal and machine work enterprise. Findings show that waste prevention, recycling; collecting, and awareness, training and awareness are the major problems of the enterprises. After actions were done (conducting training, implementation of kaizen and capacity building) result predicts that, the impact of solid waste problem were changed and proper solid waste management systems were developed. The study highlights that it is essential that the government starts to recognize the mechanisms of supporting of enterprises in order to improve the overall solid waste management system in Dessise-Ethiopia. From the action obtained that conducting training, capacity building, resource utilization, and implementation of kaizen were mechanisms that developed solid management systems in the enterprises.
The main purpose of this paper is traces to investigate the drivers of supply chain evolution & revolution and their impacts on firm performance and competitiveness. Through field observation and questionnaire survey, a literature review was supported by an empirical study on supply chain evolution and revolution drivers, the impacts on firm performance and comparative advantages were included. The horizontal relation on the drivers of supply chain integrations was empirically investigated and tested. The primary data and field observation were collected from 21 Ethiopian basic metal industries and 91 respondents incorporated as a case company. Followed by the investigation and explored on how supply chain drivers impacts on firm performance and comparative advantage of manufacturing industries incorporated. While globalization, the digital revolution, social media throughout the society, innovation and new product developments are considered as the main drivers of supply chain evolution and revolutions. Commonly, this supply chain evolution and revolution drivers have a positive impact on firm performance and global competitiveness. Further, the result shows that depending on their type and supply chain scenario the drivers of supply chain evolution and revolution have both positive and negative impacts on firm performances and comparative advantages. Moreover paper investigated the relationship between supply chain evolution and the evolution drivers linkages o supply chain performance and comparative advantages, so that management will be able to pursue better supply chain strategies applicable directly to their business environment. Nevertheless, the study results provide the organization with innovative insights for, controlling adoption and implementation supply chain drivers in the firms.
In this study mathematical analysis of spring back was done for optimization of sheet metal bending process. The influence of sheet metal thickness, sheet metal type, friction, tool radius and tool shape on spring back for Aluminium, copper, mild steel and High strength steels, sheet metal have been used as variable to conducted this study. Since, the effects of each variable on the formation of spring back on sheet metal forming are investigated the following way. This empirical result shows that increasing sheet metal thickness from 0.8 mm to 4.5 mm the spring back is reduced 16% and 20.35%. When increasing of sheet metal strength spring back increases because spring back of the sheet should depend on the yield strength of the material. As the materials yield strength increase the spring back after un-loading condition also increases. The effects of material type as shows that, using Aluminium sheet metal instead of high strength sheet metals spring back is reduced by 56.%. Also, for decreasing of the tool radius leads reducing spring back. Spring back of deferential die 12% lower than edge bending die. In addition to these, if increasing the friction coefficient from 0.01 to 0.50 the spring back also increases by 52% because of increasing of friction force and this force generates higher amount of spring back. Thus the effects of material type, tool geometry, working condition and the thickness of sheet metal types were studied and investigated. Since, ultimately utilizing and compensation of tool is considered for prevention of spring back and optimizing of sheet metal bending process as well.
This study is to investigate and evaluate the performance of basic metal industries, so as to know performance gaps and developing further research themes for sector improvement and changes required. Through industrial survey 86 Ethiopian basic metal sectors and literature review, were studied. Though, the study mainly focused on raw material utilization, production capacity, innovation and Technological capability, product demand and supply, import-export process, job creation and labor force and supply chain systems performances used as performance dimension on this investigations. Since, the main aim of the study is to investigated the challenges and identify the gaps of the sector that needs for further investigation and policy measures to enhance efficient and competitive metal sectors. Since, this study design to evaluate how basic metal industries were performing in their objective, role, goals and identify the areas where the action, improvement and changes required. Based on the investigation, we find that, in some extent the basic metal performance is good. Even though, the combined effects of each performance dimension results lower performing sector. This lower performance occurred due to high cost of international market, problems forging currency, logistics and public infrastructure, warehouse problems, outdated technology, system are the main constraints of the sectors. As result of this performance the overall GDP contribution of the sector is infant and only recorded on 0.4% of the five light manufacturing sectors. Finally the further research directions and theme were investigated and proposed.
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