for severe dyspnea. The anamnestic data revealed that he is an indoor cat, without access to the outside and does not live with other animals. He is feed a high-quality cat food and is not vaccinated. Is not receiving any long-term medications, and the owner have not given him anything for the dyspnea.
In non-ovariectomized female dogs, breast tumors are the most frequent neoplasms. There are several points where canine and human breast tumors have clinical and molecular similarities. BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes have been extensively studied in both species. Regarding dogs, alterations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 have been identified in the development of breast tumors in different breeds. In this work, it was proposed to study exons 22 and 23 of the BRCA1 gene and exons 11 and 27 of the BRCA2 gene, in female dogs. It was studied two groups of female dogs, with or without mammary tumors. Regarding the genetic study of 15 loci, six were polymorphic, all of them were singles nucleotides polymorphisms (SNPs), while the other nine were monomorphic. It was obtained a low allelic variability, but at the population level, the tumor group has greater variability than the control group. On the other hand, the different analyses of possible groupings were negative, and it was not possible to clearly define groups with the parameters it was used. The foregoing may be a consequence of numerous factors such as characteristics inherent to the populations studied, such as the size of both populations; the breeds studied; tumor diversity. As it was mentioned before, the genes studied in this work have been widely related to breast cancer, both in humans and in dogs. In the former, they have been highly implicated in hereditary tumors. In dogs, it do not have that information. In the present case, it was founded no relationship between each of the markers studied and the occurrence of mammary tumor between the problem group and the control group.
In this work it was examined the concordance between clinical staging and histopathological staging of mammary tumors in 32 female dogs. It was observed that the average age of presentation of the pathology was 9 years (ranged from 6 to 12 years). The most affected mammary glands were the caudal abdominal and the inguinal, 20 out of 32 female dogs had multiple tumors (62%), and 38% single tumors. Regarding the breeds, the most frequent ones were mixed breeds, Poodle, Cimarron (native breed of Uruguay) and Labrador Retriever. Of the 32 female dogs with breast tumors studied, 65% had histopathological diagnosis of malignant tumor, while 35% had benign tumors. Clinical staging data showed that 64% of the cases with benign tumors were in stage I (1 to 3 cm) and 36% were in stage II (3 to 5 cm). Among those diagnosed with malignant tumors, 10% were in stage V, 57% in stage III, 9% in stage II, and 24% in stage I. There were no animals in stage IV. The most frequently found malignant tumors were tubular carcinoma and complex carcinoma, followed by solid and tubulopapillary carcinomas. Within the benign tumors, complex adenoma was the most frequent, followed by benign mixed tumor and simple ductal papilloma. The concordance between clinical staging and histopathology was low, as we could observe both benign T2 (3 to 5 cm) and malignant T1 (1 to 3 cm) tumors.
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