MEGARA is an integral-field and multi-object medium-resolution spectrograph for the GTC 10.4m telescope, which was commissioned on June-August 2017. MEGARA offers two observing modes, the LCB mode, a large central IFU; and a Multi-Object Spectrograph (MOS) mode, composed by 92 robotic positioners carrying 7-fiber minibundles each. This paper presents the models and measurements developed for the alignment between the image of the telescope pupil and the 100-µm fiber cores during the integration and verification at the laboratory. On the one hand, the error in the positioner-minibundles assembly was optimized with the aim of achieving a fiber-to-fiber flux homogeneity better than 10%. On the other hand, the positioner pointing was characterized in order to achieve a pointing precision of 1/5 of the spaxel size (which has been designed to be 0.62 arcsec). The on-sky measurements obtained during the commissioning to verify our laboratory results are also presented.
Archaeology is not the main focus of local governments' strategy for tourism in many Spanish World Heritage contexts defined by non-archaeological criteria; but, are there alternative ways of engaging with it? The surge of 2.0 websites has upturned the traditional direction of tourism discourse from governmental bodies and marketing organizations to the audiences and participants, that is, the tourists. The tourists themselves produce the website contents (. photographs, facts, experiences…) that are then shared with the wider online communities of prospective and present tourists. What can these collaborative platforms tell us about archaeology in World Heritage destinations? Through the assessment of this user-generated content on a 2.0 websites (TripAdvisor), this paper critically addresses how archaeology is presented in fifteen non-archaeological World Heritage Sites in Spain and reflects on whether 2.0 websites may provide new opportunities for promotion. Local and regional museums, one of the most widespread elements created by governmental cultural policies, become an opportunity to generate new contents themselves while using these spaces to attract tourists to archaeological values. The issue of authenticity and the need to address experiential tourismare added potentials for the use of 2.0 websites as useful sources of information for heritage tourism planning.
The concept of archaeological heritage management (AHM) has been key to wider archaeological research and preservation agendas for some decades. Many universities and other education providers now offer what is best termed heritage management education (HME) in various forms. The emphasis is commonly on archaeological aspects of heritage in a broad sense and different terms are often interchangeable in practice. In an innovative working-conference held in Tampere, Finland, we initiated a debate on what the components of AHM as a course or curriculum should include. We brought together international specialists and discussed connected questions around policy, practice, research and teaching/training, at local, national, transnational and World Heritage levels. In this article we take the Tampere discussions further, focusing especially on the meaning, necessity, implications and prerequisites of interdisciplinary HME. We offer our thoughts on developing HME that reflects the contemporary aspects and needs of heritage and its management.
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