Temporary or stationary wetlands (Ponds) are bodies of shallow water that experience periodic droughts and an irregular flood cycle throughout the year. Although these wetlands are widely distributed in the Colombian territory, there have been few studies on their ecology. The aim of this research is to determine the effects of hydroperiod on the functional diversity of aquatic and semiaquatic macroinvertebrates in five temporary ponds in the department of Magdalena (Colombia). The samplings were performed during the hydroperiods of filling and drying phase. Samples were collected from all the microhabitats present (coastal, sediment, and lacustrine). Correlation analyses were performed between the traits and sites in the two hydroperiods, and a multidimensional and comparative analysis of functional diversity was performed, where indices of distance, richness, and functional dispersion were calculated in each hydroperiod. Statistical differences in functional replacement were found for only one of the ponds; however, the other ponds showed a similar trend. These results fit the functional turnover ecological hypothesis in that the response of the aquatic and semiaquatic macroinvertebrate communities was associated with the hydroperiod of the ponds based on the habitat “templet” theory.
El cormorán neotropical (Nannopterum brasilianus) es un ave piscívora con reproducción colonial. Se distribuye desde el sur de Norteamérica hasta Argentina. La colonia más grande en Colombia se encuentra en la localidad de Punta Blanca, localizada en el Santuario de Flora y Fauna Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (SFF CGSM), en el complejo lagunar del mismo nombre (CL CGSM). En el presente estudio se analizó la dieta y la amplitud de nicho de N. brasilianus a partir de egagrópilas recolectadas en el borde occidental de la colonia de anidación de Punta Blanca durante la época reproductiva de 2017. La identificación de presas se basó principalmente en la morfología de los otolitos de peces encontrados en las egagrópilas (n = 64). Se identificaron ocho especies de peces en la dieta de N. brasilianus, de las cuales tres fueron nuevos registros para la dieta de la población del complejo lagunar (Mugil liza, M.
curema y M. cephalus). Se destacó la representatividad de Cathorops mapale como principal presa consumida durante el estudio (89,5 % en número y 91,8 % en frecuencia de ocurrencia). Se observó una amplitud de nicho trófico estrecha (Levin’s de 0,002) y una dieta con baja equitatividad (q2 = 2,1), lo que corresponde a una respuesta adaptativa modelada por la disponibilidad de presas.
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